Sadigheh Shabanzadeh; Saber Vatandoust; Seyed Mehdi Hosseinifard; Najmeh Sheikhzadeh; Amir-Ali Shahbazfar
Volume 14, Issue 2 , February 2023, , Pages 97-104
Abstract
The potential of commercial astaxanthin on growth, biochemical factors, and antioxidant-related gene expression following a challenge with diazinon were studied in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish (~ 20.70 g) were fed diets containing commercial astaxanthin (ASX) at 0.00 (CTR and ASX0), 0.50 ...
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The potential of commercial astaxanthin on growth, biochemical factors, and antioxidant-related gene expression following a challenge with diazinon were studied in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish (~ 20.70 g) were fed diets containing commercial astaxanthin (ASX) at 0.00 (CTR and ASX0), 0.50 (ASX1), 2.00 (ASX2), and 5.00 (ASX3) g kg-1 for 60 days. Afterwards, the treated fish (ASX1, ASX2, ASX3) as well as the fish in ASX0 group were challenged with diazinon (0.11 mg L-1) for 96 hr whereas fish in the CTR group was not challenged with diazinon. Results showed that growth pattern improved significantly with all enriched diets compared to the ASX0 group. Metabolic enzyme activities, including alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase decreased in ASX2 and ASX3 groups with respect to the ASX0 group. Serum antioxidant status also showed the same pattern with enhancement in the fish fed with the ASX2 and ASX3 supplemented diets. Feeding the fish with astaxanthin, particularly in the ASX3 group, up-regulated the expression of some antioxidant-relevant genes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the kidney and liver. Besides, the histopathological damages in kidneys and liver induced by diazinon were less pronounced in the ASX2 and ASX3 groups compared to the ASX0 group. In conclusion, commercial astaxanthin, especially at 5.00 g kg-1, enhanced the growth performance and ameliorated the oxidative stress induced by diazinon in rainbow trout.
Hossein Sharideh; Mojtaba Zaghari
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2021, , Pages 63-67
Abstract
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) lights are more energy-efficient and provide adequate illumination compared to compact fluorescent (CFL) lamps and incandescent light (ICD) bulbs. However, as new light sources, the LED lights may have a stress effect on broiler chickens. Thus, this study aimed to determine ...
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Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) lights are more energy-efficient and provide adequate illumination compared to compact fluorescent (CFL) lamps and incandescent light (ICD) bulbs. However, as new light sources, the LED lights may have a stress effect on broiler chickens. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effects of dietary L-tryptophan (Trp), as an anti-stress agent and different color temperatures of light-emitting diodes on immune responses and growth performance of male broiler chickens. Four hundred and eighty day-old Ross 308 male chicks were used from day 1 to 42. The chicks were randomly distributed into six treatment groups in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement [0 or 1 g Trp per kg diet along with neutral-white (4286 K), warm-white (2990 K), and incandescent (2790 K) light bulbs] with four replicates of 20 chicks each. Results showed that dietary Trp and Trp×light interaction did not affect growth performance, immune responses, a total number of leukocytes, and different leukocytes count (heterophil, eosinophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte) of male broiler chickens. However, LEDs’ different color temperatures significantly affected the feed conversion ratio (FCR) and primary antibody of sheep red blood cell (SRBC). The FCR was the lowest in the warm-white light, and primary SRBC antibody titers of the chicks were the highest. In conclusion, although adding Trp to male broiler diets did not affect the growth performance and immune responses of chickens, the warm-white light improved the FCR and primary SRBC.
Solmaz Khalili Samani; Mohammad Ghorbani; Jamal Fayazi; Somayeh Sallary
Volume 11, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 53-57
Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the effects of fenugreek powder (FP) and extract (FE) on performance, egg quality, blood parameters and immune responses of laying hens. One-hundred and fifty Leghorn laying hens were used in a completely randomized design with five treatments and five replicates ...
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The present study was carried out to determine the effects of fenugreek powder (FP) and extract (FE) on performance, egg quality, blood parameters and immune responses of laying hens. One-hundred and fifty Leghorn laying hens were used in a completely randomized design with five treatments and five replicates for eight weeks. Treatments were various levels of FP and FE including zero (control; T1), 1.00% FP (T2), 2.00% FP (T3), 0.10% FE (T4) and 0.20% FE (T5).The results of this experiment showed that feed intake was increased linearly by the inclusion of FP compared to the control group. Supplementation of laying hens diet with 2.00% FP adversely affected feed conversion ratio (FCR). The FCR was decreased by 0.10% inclusion of FE compared to 0.20%. Egg yolk color was the highest when 1% FP added to laying hens diets compared to the other treatments. Serum metabolites and immune responses of laying hens were not affected significantly by fenugreek supplementation. From the results of the present study, it can be concluded that using 1.00% FP can improve feed intake by supporting FCR. Inclusion of 1.00% FP in laying hens diet enhanced egg yolk color of laying hens in the second production cycle.
Nutrition
Mohammad Reza Rahimi; Younes Alijoo; Rasoul Pirmohammadi; Masoud Alimirzaei
Volume 9, Issue 3 , September 2018, , Pages 245-251
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the feeding of Qizil fattening lambs with different levels of broiler litter (BL) on their weight gain, dry matter intake (DMI), nutrient digestibility, selected blood metabolites and husbandry economics. During an eight-weeks experimental period, 28 male lambs (an ...
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the feeding of Qizil fattening lambs with different levels of broiler litter (BL) on their weight gain, dry matter intake (DMI), nutrient digestibility, selected blood metabolites and husbandry economics. During an eight-weeks experimental period, 28 male lambs (an average of 42.21 ± 5.63 kg and ages of 7-8 months) were allocated randomly to one of four dietary treatments, including; control diet with no litter (NL, n = 7), diet containing 5% BL (LL, n = 7), diet with 10% BL (ML, n = 7) and diet containing 15.00% BL (HL, n = 7) as dry matter (DM) basis. The lambs were kept in individual pens and had free access to feed and water (ad libitum) throughout the study. In this research, DMI and feed conversion ratio were not influenced significantly by the dietary treatments, while average daily gain (ADG) was found to be significant. The lambs which consumed LL diet (5.00% BL) had the greatest ADG. The DM digestibility significantly influenced by dietary treatments, as the HL diet (15.00% BL) had the least DM digestibility. There were also significant differences in the crude protein and acid detergent fiber digestibility among the treatments. Blood urea nitrogen and glucose levels were significantly affected by the treatments. Low litter treatment had the least FCR and the highest economical advantage. In conclusion, feeding male Qizil lambs with BL can reduce production cost without any negative effects on performance.
Homan Izadi; Javad Arshami; Abolghasem Golian; Mohammad Reza Raji
Volume 4, Issue 3 , September 2013, , Pages 169-174
Abstract
In the present study, chicory root powder (CRP) as growth promoter at 1% and 3% levels was supplemented in broilers’ diet to investigate the growth performance and histo-morphometry of jejunum. One hundred twenty, one-day-old male broilers were used in a completely randomized design (CRD) with ...
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In the present study, chicory root powder (CRP) as growth promoter at 1% and 3% levels was supplemented in broilers’ diet to investigate the growth performance and histo-morphometry of jejunum. One hundred twenty, one-day-old male broilers were used in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replicates (10 chicks per replicate). At the end of each period (0-10, 11-24 and 0-24 days), feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured. At the end of experiment (day 24), one bird per replicate was sacrificed for breast weight (BW), drumstick weight (DW), and jejunum length (JL) as a percentage of body weight, and histomorphometry of villus. The FI increased by 3% CRP in the 1st period (p < 0.01). The percentage of WG significantly increased at 1% during the 1st period and, in the 2nd and total periods, it increased only at 3% CRP (p < 0.05). The FCR decreased at 1% in the 1st (p < 0.04) and, at 3% in the 2nd (p < 0.01) and total periods (p < 0.05). The percentage of DW increased at 3% CRP (p < 0.05). The treatments increased the percentage of BW (p < 0.059) and, percentage of JL (p < 0.079) as well. The villus width and, crypt depth (CD) at 1% and 3% CRP and, villus surface at 3% reduced. The 3% CRP increased the villus length (VL) and villi number (p < 0.05) and, VL/CD (p < 0.01) and, villus surface area (p < 0.02). The percentage of leaf-like villi decreased in CRP treatments (p < 0.05). The number of goblet cells increased in CRP treatments (p < 0.01). In conclusion, chicory root powder can improve growth performance in broilers by enhancing food digestion and absorption through modification of jejunum histomorphometry.
