Hulya Balkaya; Zekeriya Ozudogru; Dervis Ozdemir; Bumin Emre Teke; Hulya Kara
Volume 14, Issue 2 , February 2023, , Pages 65-69
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine and compare the macro-anatomical structures and configurations of plexus sacralis in Hasmer and Hasak sheep breeds. For this purpose, 18 sheep (eight female Hasmer sheep, three male Hasak sheep and seven female Hasak sheep) were assessed. After induction of anesthesia, ...
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The aim of this study was to examine and compare the macro-anatomical structures and configurations of plexus sacralis in Hasmer and Hasak sheep breeds. For this purpose, 18 sheep (eight female Hasmer sheep, three male Hasak sheep and seven female Hasak sheep) were assessed. After induction of anesthesia, the body cavities were opened. The sheep were fixed with formaldehyde after draining of the blood. The nerves of the plexus sacralis were dissected separately and photographed. Both in Hasmer and Hasak sheep breeds, the plexus sacralis was a large anastomotic complex of nerves which gave rise to nerves distributed to pelvic cavity and pelvic limb. It was derived from the ventral branches of the six spinal segments. It was observed that this plexus was formed by the ventral rami of four (first to fourth) sacral spinal nerves as well as ventral ramus of the sixth and fifth lumbar nerves. The results of this study are believed to be improved further with the future morphometric studies and to make a contribution to future anatomical and surgical studies in this area.
Iftar Gürbüz; Yasin Demiraslan
Volume 12, Issue 4 , December 2021, , Pages 395-399
Abstract
In the present study the comprisal of brachial plexus and nerves springing from the brachial plexus in Günther’s vole has been determined. Ten adult voles (five males and five females) were used in this study. Nerves comprising the brachial plexus and the nerves arising from brachial plexus ...
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In the present study the comprisal of brachial plexus and nerves springing from the brachial plexus in Günther’s vole has been determined. Ten adult voles (five males and five females) were used in this study. Nerves comprising the brachial plexus and the nerves arising from brachial plexus in vole were dissected and the findings were saved. The brachial plexus of the vole was comprised of the ventral root of cervical (C) 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th and thoracic (T) 1st spinal nerves. Also, the brachial plexus was consisted of three trunks including cranial (C5th and C6th), medial (C7th) and caudal (C8th and T1st) trunks. Nervus (n.) subclavius, n. suprascapularis, nervi (nn.) subscapularis, n. axillaris, n. musculocutaneus, n. thoracodorsalis, nn. pectorales craniales, n. pectorales caudales, n. thoracicus lateralis, n. thoracicus longus, n. ulnaris, n. medianus, and n. radialis were determined to be arising from brachial plexus. In conclusion, macroanatomical features of brachial plexus and its branches in Günther’s vole have been determined. It is thought that the findings will contribute to neuroanatomy of the rodents.
Amineh Beyrami; Farhad Soltanalinejad; Ali Shalizar Jalali
Volume 12, Issue 2 , June 2021, , Pages 191-196
Abstract
Obtaining information about the eye arterial supply in the buffalo can be a criterion for ocular diseases diagnosis and give a morphological basis for even more researches on the related clinical surgery of this animal. The aim of the present study was to describe the course and branches of the arteries ...
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Obtaining information about the eye arterial supply in the buffalo can be a criterion for ocular diseases diagnosis and give a morphological basis for even more researches on the related clinical surgery of this animal. The aim of the present study was to describe the course and branches of the arteries supplying the eye in the adult river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). In this study, the heads of eight buffaloes were prepared from the public slaughterhouse and dissected to study the eye arterial supply. This research results showed that the eye blood supply in the buffalo originates from the external ophthalmic, internal ophthalmic, superficial temporal and malar arteries. The external ophthalmic artery was given rise to branches to take part in the ophthalmic rete mirabile formation and also given off lacrimal, external ethmoidal, supraorbital and ciliary arteries as well as muscular branches to supply the eye ball and extra-ocular muscles. The internal ophthalmic artery was one of the sources of lateral posterior long ciliary artery. The superficial temporal artery was detached off some branches to supply the lateral angle of inferior and superior eyelids as well as lacrimal branch to supply lacrimal gland. The malar artery was originated from the infra-orbital artery and its branches were supplied the medial angle of inferior, superior and third eyelids. There were no obvious differences between buffalo and yak regarding arteries supplying the eyes. However, there were minor differences between buffalo and oxen, sheep and goat and there were obvious differences between buffalo and camel and giraffe.
Histology
Ramin Jahangirfard; Ali Shalizar; Rasoul Shahrooz; Gholamreza Najafi; Aram Minas
Volume 10, Issue 2 , June 2019, , Pages 159-163
Abstract
In order to conduct this study, eight adult turkey heads were obtained. Pituitary glands were harvested following cranial bones removal and examined morphologically and anatomically as well as topographically. Then, tissue sections were prepared and stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin, Alcian blue, orange ...
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In order to conduct this study, eight adult turkey heads were obtained. Pituitary glands were harvested following cranial bones removal and examined morphologically and anatomically as well as topographically. Then, tissue sections were prepared and stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin, Alcian blue, orange G and periodic acid-Schiff staining techniques. The results showed that turkey pituitary gland as a pea-sized structure is located in the ventral part of the cerebrum and composed of adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis parts. Moreover, histological analyses revealed that sinusoids are well-developed at the distal part of the adenohypophysis and irregular masses of endocrine cells exist among them. Distributions of basophilic cells in the distal part of adenohypophysis were significantly higher than those of other endocrine cells, while the acidophilic cells had the lowest distribution. Lower and higher numbers of chromophobe cells were also found compared to those of basophilic and acidophilic cells, respectively. These findings were mostly similar to the other birds’ pituitary gland anatomical and histological features, but there were also differences in cellular elements distributions along with infundibular cavity topography.
Anatomy
Naeimeh Simaei; Farhad Soltanalinejad; Gholamreza Najafi; Ali Shalizar Jalali
Volume 8, Issue 3 , September 2017, , Pages 237-241
Abstract
The middle ear ossicles are important due to transmission of sound to the inner ear leading to sound understanding. The aim of present study was to determine the anatomical and morphometrical aspects of middle ear ossicles in Makouei sheep fetuses. For this experimental study, eight sheep fetuses at ...
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The middle ear ossicles are important due to transmission of sound to the inner ear leading to sound understanding. The aim of present study was to determine the anatomical and morphometrical aspects of middle ear ossicles in Makouei sheep fetuses. For this experimental study, eight sheep fetuses at the age of 2 to 3 months were provided from public slaughterhouse; their middle ear ossicles were removed from tympanic cavity subsequently and assessed anatomically using stereomicroscope. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test were used. The results showed that rostral process of malleus doesn’t exist, but an osseous lamina extending to the tympanic bulla and tympanic ring is located in this place. Moreover, lenticular bone and muscular process of stapes weren’t found. These findings were similar to the other animal’s ossicles anatomical features, but there were also some differences that can be useful for study of these ossicles developmental evolution.
Radiology
Behnaz Asadi Ahranjani; Bahador Shojaei; Zahra Tootian; Madjid Masoudifard; Amir Rostami
Volume 7, Issue 2 , June 2016, , Pages 117-124
Abstract
Euphrates turtle is the only soft shell turtle of Iran, and unfortunately is in danger of extinction due to multiple reasons. Imaging techniques, in addition to their importance in diagnosis of injuries to animals, have been used as non-invasive methods to provide normal anatomic views. A few studies ...
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Euphrates turtle is the only soft shell turtle of Iran, and unfortunately is in danger of extinction due to multiple reasons. Imaging techniques, in addition to their importance in diagnosis of injuries to animals, have been used as non-invasive methods to provide normal anatomic views. A few studies have been conducted to understand body structure of the Euphrates turtle. Since there is only general information about the anatomy of turtle limbs, the normal skeleton of the Euphrates limbs was studied. For this purpose four adult Euphrates turtles were used. Digital radiographic examination was performed by computed radiographic (CR) in dorsoventral (DV) and lateral (L) positions. Spiral CT-scanning was done and 3D images of the bones were reconstructed for anatomical evaluation. For skeletal preparation, the skeleton was cleaned by a combination of boiling and mealworm methods and limbs’ bones were examined anatomically. In the present study, simultaneous anatomic, radiographic and CT studies of bones in individual turtles made us possible to describe bones anatomically and provided comparable and complementary conditions to represent the abilities of the radiography and CT for better understanding of the anatomy. Arrangement and the number of carpal and tarsal bones are used in turtles’ classification. Among the studied species, Euphrates turtle carpal and tarsal bones show the most similarities to the Apolone spinifera.
Gholamreza Najafi; Farhad Soltanalinejad; Hamed Hasanzadeh
Volume 4, Issue 2 , June 2013, , Pages 129-131
Abstract
The carotid is a small mass of chemoreceptor's and sustentacular cells that detects changes in the composition of the arterial blood. The aim of the present study was to identify the size, color, location, blood and nerve supply of the carotid body in Makouei sheep. Fourteen heads of sheep from both ...
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The carotid is a small mass of chemoreceptor's and sustentacular cells that detects changes in the composition of the arterial blood. The aim of the present study was to identify the size, color, location, blood and nerve supply of the carotid body in Makouei sheep. Fourteen heads of sheep from both sexes were collected from Urmia public slaughter-house. The exact situation and nerve supply of the carotid body was determined. Before dissection, blue latex was injected into right and left common carotid arteries. All the branches of the common carotid artery and the branch supplying carotid body were investigated. This study showed that, carotid body in sheep has been situated around the muscular branch of the occipital artery. The mean weight, width and length, thickness of carotid body were 0.01 g, 0.83 mm, 1.07 mm, and 1.06 mm respectively. Blood to the carotid body was supplied by glomic artery which was a branch of occipital artery. It was innervated by herring nerve which was a branch of glossopharyngeal nerve.
