Homa Arak; Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi
Volume 12, Issue 3 , September 2021, , Pages 305-311
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two aflatoxins (AFs) sources for experimental induction of aflatoxicosis in ducklings. Dietary supplementation of aflatoxin-contaminated grounded rice grains previously was cultured by Aspergillus parasiticus and dietary supplementation of aflatoxin ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two aflatoxins (AFs) sources for experimental induction of aflatoxicosis in ducklings. Dietary supplementation of aflatoxin-contaminated grounded rice grains previously was cultured by Aspergillus parasiticus and dietary supplementation of aflatoxin methanolic extract of contaminated rice grains. A total number of 18 four-day-old ducklings were treated with varying sources of AFs. Treatments included: A: Control (basal diet without AFs), B: Contaminated feed with 0.20 mg kg-1 AFs (ground rice grains), C: Contaminated feed with 0.20 mg kg-1 AFs (methanol extract of contaminated rice grains). Results showed a significant decrease in serum levels of total protein, albumin, glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL, LDL and creatinine. The serum's hepatic enzymes levels were not affected in AFs-treated groups but lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration increased by the two AFs sources. The relative weight of the liver and spleen was significantly increased in AFs-fed groups. Histopathological liver examination showed the vacuolar degeneration with small and large lipid droplets in hepatocytes in the AFs- contaminated groups. Dietary AFs resulted in a significant decrease of villus height, villus width and villus surface area of the small intestine compared to the control group. In conclusion, the results showed that the induction of experimental aflatoxicosis via two investigated AFs sources had slight differences concerning the studied parameters. It seems the group consumed ground rice grains indicated slightly fewer aflatoxicosis symptoms than the methanolic extract.
Mohammad Hojati; Mohammad Ali Norouzian; Ali Assadi Alamouti; Ahmad Afzalzadeh
Volume 12, Issue 2 , June 2021, , Pages 211-215
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of different feed additives as mycotoxin binders in vitro. Four prevalent aflatoxin-sequestering agents (SAs) including two bentonite clays (common and acid activated bentonite), a yeast cell wall product and an activated charcoal product were evaluated ...
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This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of different feed additives as mycotoxin binders in vitro. Four prevalent aflatoxin-sequestering agents (SAs) including two bentonite clays (common and acid activated bentonite), a yeast cell wall product and an activated charcoal product were evaluated in vitro to verify their capacity for binding aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The SAs were individually mixed at two different ratios with AFB1 (1:70,000, 1:120,000) and their binding capacity indices were determined. Experimental bentonites showed high adsorption abilities, binding more than 70.00% of the available AFB1. At the 1:70,000 and 1:120,000 aflatoxin binder (AF:B) ratios, acid activated bentonite were sequestered over 87.00 and 99.00% of the AFB1, respectively. Yeast cell wall showed moderate adsorption ability at the 1:120,000 AF:B ratio, adsorbing 47.00 of AFB1. The adsorption ability of activated carbon at two AF:B ratio and yeast cell wall at 1:70,000 AF:B ratio were significantly lower than other binders. The ratio of chemisorption and binding equivalency factor were higher for acid activated bentonite compared to other sequestering agents. Based on the result of this study, it seems that acid activated bentonite could be considered efficient at sequestering the available AFB1, resulting as promising agents for use in animals diet.
