Volume 15 (2024)
Volume 14 (2023)
Volume 13 (2022)
Volume 12 (2021)
Volume 11 (2020)
Volume 10 (2019)
Volume 9 (2018)
Volume 8 (2017)
Volume 7 (2016)
Volume 6 (2015)
Volume 5 (2014)
Volume 4 (2013)
Volume 3 (2012)
Volume 2 (2011)
Volume 1 (2010)
Changes of plasma and gene expression levels of ghrelin and leptin in rats receiving kisspeptin and morphine

Homayoun Khazali; Fariba Mahmoudi

Volume 13, Issue 1 , March 2022, , Pages 85-90

Abstract
  Kisspeptin is a hypothalamic peptide which stimulates hypothalamus- pituitary- gonadal (HPG) axis. Morphine is an alkaloid which suppresses reproduction. Ghrelin and leptin are metabolic peptides which play role in relaying information to the HPG axis. In the present study, the interaction effects of ...  Read More

Anesthesiology
The analgesic interaction of tramadol and morphine in rats: An isobolographic study

Hesam Savadkoohi; Nasser Vesal

Volume 10, Issue 1 , March 2019, , Pages 31-36

Abstract
  In order to assess possible synergistic antinociceptive interactions, the analgesic effects of intra-peritoneal tramadol and morphine administered either separately or in combination were determined using tail-flick latency test following exposure to radiant heat in rats. Groups of eight male Sprague-Dawley ...  Read More

Physiology
Role of μ-opioid receptor in parafascicular nucleus of thalamus on morphine-induced antinociception in a rat model of acute trigeminal pain

Esmaeal Tamaddonfard; Amir Erfanparast

Volume 8, Issue 1 , March 2017, , Pages 29-34

Abstract
  The parafascicular nucleus (PFN) of thalamus, as a supraspinal structure, has an important role in processing of nociceptive information. In addition, μ-opioid receptor contributes to supraspinal modulation of nociception. In the present study, the effects of microinjection of naloxone (a non-specific ...  Read More

Physiology
Evaluation of the anti-nociceptive effects of morphine, tramadol, meloxicam and their combinations using the tail-flick test in rats

Mehrzad Foroud; Nasser Vesal

Volume 6, Issue 4 , December 2015, , Pages 313-318

Abstract
  The purpose of the present study was to evaluate anti-nociceptive effects of morphine, tramadol, meloxicam and their combinations in rats. Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into seven equal groups and randomly assigned to receive intraperitoneal saline (S) (control group, 1.0 mL kg-1), morphine (MO) ...  Read More

Physiology
Role of opioid system in verapamil-induced antinociception in a rat model of orofacial pain

Esmaeal Tamaddonfard; Amir Erfanparast; Mina Taati; Milad Dabbaghi

Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2014, , Pages 49-54

Abstract
  Calcium, through its various channels involves in local, spinal and supra-spinal transmission of pain. In the present study, we investigated the separate and combined treatment effects of verapamil (a calcium channel blocker), morphine (an opioid agonist) and naloxone (an opioid antagonist) on pain in ...  Read More

Antinociceptive Effect of Morphine Microinjections into the Dorsal Hippocampus in the Formalin-Induced Orofacial Pain in Rats

Amir Erfanparast; Esmaeal Tamaddonfard; Amir Abbas Farshid; Emad Khalilzadeh

Volume 1, Issue 2 , September 2010, , Pages 83-89

Abstract
  In the present study, the effects of intra-hippocampal microinjections of morphine (an opioid agonist) and naloxone (an opioid antagonist) were investigated in the formalin-induced orofacial pain in rats. Orofacial pain was induced by subcutaneous injection of formalin (1 %, 50 μl) in the upper lip ...  Read More