@article { author = {Deljou, Mahdi and Aslani, Mohammad Reza and Mohri, Mehrdad and Movassaghi, Ahmad Reza and Heidarpour, Mohammad}, title = {Clinical, laboratory and pathological findings in sub-acute monensin intoxication in goats}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {161-167}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {Toxic effects of monensin, a polyether antibiotic mainly used as a coccidiostat, have been described in a wide range of animals. The present study was performed to investigate the toxic effects of monensin in goats. Seven adult goats were administered sodium monensin, 13.5 mg kg-1, daily for five consecutive days via gastric gavage. Monensin toxicity was evaluated by clinical signs, serum biochemistry and pathology. Monensin exposure caused diarrhea, tachycardia and reduction in ruminal movements and body temperature. Significant increase of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase were observed in monensin exposed goats. Reduction of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and elevation of serum malondialdehyde and troponin I were inconsistent. In necropsy, there were effusions in body cavities, vacuolar degeneration and coagulative necrosis in cardiac and skeletal muscles and renal tubular necrosis. These findings suggested that monensin intoxication in goats leads to cardiac, skeletal and renal damage and a wide range of biochemical abnormalities. Oxidative stress may be involved in the pathogenesis of monensin poisoning.}, keywords = {Cardiomyopathy,Goat,Monensin,Oxidative stress,Poisoning}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6612.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6612_73b88e6df970cdab4f3686368d8e8ce7.pdf} } @article { author = {Hassanzadazar, Hassan and Ehsani, Ali and Mardani, Karim}, title = {Antibacterial activity of Enterococcus faecium derived from Koopeh cheese against Listeria monocytogenes in probiotic ultra-filtrated cheese}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {169-175}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {Viability of probiotic bacteria in food during maintenance and time of consuming in food has become a challenge in food hygiene and technology and is important for representing their beneficial health effects. The aim of this study was to determine the survival of probiotic Enterococcus faecium derived from Koopeh cheese added to industrial Iranian ultra-filtrated (UF) cheese and screening for antimicrobial activity of Enterococcus faecium against Listeria monocytogenes during two months of cheese ripening. Physiochemical and standard microbial methods were used for isolation of Enterococcus strains in cheese samples. The initial number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as starter culture was 6 Log g-1 in control samples. The counts started to decrease slightly after day seven (p < 0.05) and dropped to 5 Log g-1 at the end of 60 days. The count of LAB in the test groups decreased to 11 Log g-1 on the day 60 of ripening. The number of Enterococcus faecium was 6 Log g-1 on the day 60. The count of Listeria monocytogenes after 60 days of ripening in blank sample decreased 1 Log but in test samples with protective strain decreased 3 Log in 30 days and reached to zero at 45 days. There were not significant (p < 0.05) changes in chemical parameters such as fat, protein and total solid of UF cheese treatment groups. The results showed that Enterococcus faecium of Koopeh cheese was suitable for development of an acceptable probiotic UF cheese and could be adapted to industrial production of UF cheese.}, keywords = {Enterococcus faecium,Listeria monocytogenes,Probiotic,Ultra-filtrated cheese}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6620.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6620_7df8a28f73dd242d1351c9661f301fbe.pdf} } @article { author = {Bhat, Fayaz Ahmad and Bhattacharyya, Hiranya Kumar and Hussain, Syed Akram}, title = {White side test: A simple and rapid test for evaluation of nonspecific bacterial genital infections of repeat breeding cattle}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {177-180}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {The objective of the present study was to determine the grades of nonspecific bacterial infection of genitalia of repeat breeding cattle by a simple and rapid test under field condition. For this purpose, a total of 100 crossbred Jersey cows comprising of 80 repeat breeding animals presented for treatment and 20 normal cyclic (control group) animals presented for artificial insemination at their first service were selected. Estrual cervical mucus from all the animals was collected at 8 to 12 hr after the onset of behavioral estrus and subjected to white side test (WST) and bacteriological examination. The results of WST showed only 15% of control group had infection but the remaining 85% were free of it. In contrast, the majority of repeat breeding animals (57/80) showed infection (71.25%) and only 28.75% animals were free of infection. In bacterial culture, 60 (75.00%) from the 80 repeat breeding animals were found positive, and 20 (25.00%) were free of bacteria. All the three samples of control group that showed no color reaction in WST had also no growth in bacterial culture. The WST results showed a positive (p < 0.01) correlation of 0.48 with bacterial culture. It is thus concluded that under field condition WST can be used as a prime modality for ascertaining nonspecific bacterial infection of repeat breeding cattle before subjecting them to any antibiotic therapy thereby reducing the cost of diagnosis and treatment.}, keywords = {Bacterial culture,Cattle,Genital Infection,Repeat breeding,White side test}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6617.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6617_d236a7a54b0daf1a04708c14e744d0c7.pdf} } @article { author = {Farhang-Pajuh, Farhad and Yakhchali, Mohammad and Mardani, Karim}, title = {Molecular determination of abundance of infection with Sarcocystis species in slaughtered sheep of Urmia, Iran}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {181-186}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {Sarcocystis is one of the most prevalent parasites of domestic ruminants worldwide. This study was aimed to determine prevalence of Sarcocystis infection and molecular discrimination of Sarcocystis gigantea and Sarcocystis medusiformis infecting domestic sheep. Tissue samples from 638 sheep slaughtered at Urmia abattoir were randomly collected from February 2011 to January 2012. Genomic DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify a 964 bp fragment of nuclear 18S rRNA gene. The PCR products were subjected to digestion with endonuclease MboII and/or MvaI for discriminating S. medusiformis and S. gigantea. Results indicated that the overall prevalence of Sarcocystis unspecified species was 36.83% (235/638) in which male (7.63%, 38/498) and female (35.00%, 49/140) sheep over 4 years-old had the highest prevalence. There was no significant difference between prevalence of macrosarcocysts and sex. Two macrosarcocysts forms were found as fat (27.90%, 178/638) and thin (8.93%, 57/638) in striated muscles. There was significant difference between frequency of macrosarcocysts and body distribution. Mixed infection with both fat and thin macrosarcocysts was also found in 11.13% (71/638) of infected sheep. There was no significant difference regarding the prevalence of mixed infection in both age classes. The PCR-RFLP patterns showed that fat sarcocysts were S. gigantea (29.31%, 187/638) and thin sarcocysts were S. medusiformis (7.52%, 48/638). It was concluded that ovine Sarcocystis infection was prevalent in Urmia and a combination of conventional methods and molecular study for sheep sarcocysts could be informative.}, keywords = {Molecular analysis,Sarcocystis,Sheep,Urmia}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6616.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6616_d2b4ea31669770cc1c500827f0605d62.pdf} } @article { author = {Mehrabanpour, Mohammad Javad and Khoobyar, Setareh and Rahimian, Abdollah and Nazari, Mohammad Bagher and Keshtkar, Mohammad Reza}, title = {Phylogenetic characterization of the fusion genes of the Newcastle disease viruses isolated in Fars province poultry farms during 2009-2011}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {187-191}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {Despite routine vaccination programs against Newcastle disease (ND), sporadic cases have occasionally occurred that remain a constant threat to commercial poultry. Ten isolates of Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) from infected broiler chicken cases were obtained from various locations in Fars province during 2009-2011 and genetically analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) with primers specific to the viral fusion (F) protein- gene. The viruses were confirmed as NDV by hemagglutination inhibition assay and RT- PCR. The isolates based on the sequence and phylogenetic analyses of partial F gene were genotypically analyzed by RT PCR. In the present investigation, the pathogenicity of NDV strains was determined by internationally recognized test mean death time (MDT). Analysis based on F gene showed that characterized isolates possess three different types of protease cleavage site motifs and appear to show maximum identities with isolates in the region. The subsequent phylogenetic analysis was implemented using MEGA and the phylogenetic tree. The results of RT-PCR and MDT showed that 10 isolates were positive for NDV, (60% velogenic, 30% mesogenic and 10% lentogenic). The results of the phylogenetic analysis showed that 10 NDV isolates from Iran belong to the class II, genotype III viruses. This information is fundamental to improve the efficacy of controlling strategies and vaccine development for NDV.}, keywords = {F gene,Mean death time,Newcastle disease virus,Phylogenetic analysis}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6614.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6614_da8d5345abf7848285defcff15943303.pdf} } @article { author = {Maham, Masoud and Sarrafzadeh-Rezaei, Farshid}, title = {Cardiovascular effects of Adonis aestivalis in anesthetized sheep}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {193-199}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {Adonis aestivalis (summer pheasant-eye) is an annual plant with a crimson flower, distributed in southern Europe and Asia. The plant has large buttercup-like blossoms and soft, fern-like leaves. It blooms in spring and is often found as a weed in cereal fields. Like other Adonis spp., the plant produces cardiac glycosides. It is used in remedies for mild weakness of the heart, especially when accompanied by nervous complaints. Cardiovascular and toxic effects of a hydroalcoholic extract from the aerial parts of A. aestivalis were investigated in sheep and mice. Six male sheep were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and arterial blood pressure was measured with a transducer connected to the left femoral artery. Heart rate and electrocardiogram (ECG) were registered from lead base-apex ECG derivatives connected to a Powerlab recorder. Three successive equal doses (75 mg kg-1) of the hydroalcoholic extract of A. aestivalis intravenously administered to anesthetized sheep. Adonis aestivalis extract induced a significant bradycardia and hypotension in sheep. Various ECG abnormalities in sheep included sinus arrhythmia, shortened and depressed S-T interval, and absence of P wave and flattened or inverted T wave. In addition, ventricular arrhythmias, bradyarrhythmias, atrioventricular block, ventricular premature beats, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation have also been observed. The acute intraperitoneal toxicity (LD50) of the extract in mice was 2150 mg kg-1. In conclusion, bradycardia and ECG alterations induced by the extract could explain the justification of traditional use of the of Adonis aestivalis in treating cardiovascular insufficiency.}, keywords = {Adonis aestivalis,Cardiac Arrhythmias,Electrocardiogram,LD50}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6622.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6622_1e354cc605098ccbd32f143fc2be3d40.pdf} } @article { author = {Mayahi, Sadegh and Mamouei, Morteza and Tabatabaei, Saleh and Mirzadeh, Khalil}, title = {Reproductive characteristics and thyroidal function in relation with season in Khuzestan buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bulls}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {201-205}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {High ambient temperature is the major constraint on Buffalo productivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance and thyroid gland function in winter and summer seasons in Khuzestan buffalo bulls. Six male indigenous buffaloes of Khuzestan with nearly the same age (2-3 years old) and weight were used. Semen and blood samples through jugular vein were collected, every two weeks throughout the summer and winter seasons. The thyroid hormones and thyrotropin stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration in blood serum were measured by radioimmunoassay method. Semen quality was determined, using computer assisted sperm analyzer (CASA) and routine methods. The concentration of thyroxin (T4) was lower in winter than summer (p ≤ 0.05). The level of T3 uptake was higher in cold season than that of in hot season (p ≤ 0.05). The differences of tri-iodotyronine (T3) and TSH concentrations, as well as free thyroxin index were not significant between seasons. The semen volume and spermatozoa parameters including concentration, progressive motility, linear velocity, mean velocity, beat cross frequency, linear coefficient and straightness coefficient were higher in winter than summer (p ≤ 0.05). Semen pH and amplitude of lateral head displacement of spermatozoa were higher in summer than winter (p ≤ 0.05). In winter, there was positive correlation between spermatozoa concentration and T3 value of blood serum (p ≤ 0.05). There were positive correlations between values of semen volume and T4, progressive spermatozoa motility percent and TSH, as well as, total motility of spermatozoa and TSH in summer (p ≤ 0.05). In general, thyroid function and semen quality of Khuzestan buffaloes may be affected by seasons.}, keywords = {Buffalo,Season,Semen quality,Thyroid hormones}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6619.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6619_22f932d39fcca59af473005a186f6379.pdf} } @article { author = {Pirmohammadi, Rasoul and Anassori, Ehsan and Zakeri, Zahra and Tahmouzi, Mortaza}, title = {Effects of garlic supplementation on energy status of pre-partum Mahabadi goats}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {207-212}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {To evaluate the effects of garlic on some blood metabolites in pre-partum dairy goats, the ration was supplemented with raw garlic at the doses of 0, 30, 50 and 70 g kg-1 of Dry matter (DM) in eight pregnant Mahabadi breed goats (59 ± 1 kg initial live weight) in a replicated Latin square design during the last two months of pregnancy. Each experimental period lasted 14 days with the first 12 days used for diet adaptation and two days of data collection with a 3-days wash-out period between treatments. The results revealed a beneficial increasing effect of garlic (at the level of 70 g kg-1 of DM) on serum glucose concentration (p < 0.05). No effects of garlic supplementation on blood non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), total triglycerides, total protein, and albumin concentration were observed, except for serum cholesterol concentration, which was reduced (p < 0.05) with 70 g kg-1 of DM of garlic supplementation. Dry matter intake was the same between the different treatment groups and throughout the trial period. Concerning the blood indicators of negative energy balance, no significant effects were found for NEFA and BHB in pre-partum goats however, serum glucose was improved significantly, which showed that garlic supplementation may improve the efficiency of feed utilization. In conclusion, garlic, as feed additives in ruminant nutrition, holds promise for improving feed efficiency and controlling the negative energy balance.}, keywords = {β-Hydroxybutyrate,Glucose,Mahabadi goat,Non-esterified fatty acids,Raw garlic}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6618.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6618_4295d21410aa33ff05486c818f4db92f.pdf} } @article { author = {Bakhtiary, Zahra and Shahrooz, Rasoul and Ahmadi, Abbas and Zarei, Leila}, title = {Evaluation of antioxidant effects of crocin on sperm quality in cyclophosphamide treated adult mice}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {213-218}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the anti-neoplastic drugs. Despite its numerous clinical applications, it has devastating effects on the testicles and declines the sperm quality in treated patients. This study was aimed to investigate the protective effect of crocin in improving the toxicity induced by CP in reproductive system. In this study, 24 male adult mice (6 to 8 weeks) were randomly divided into three groups, control group received normal saline (0.1 mL, IP, daily), the CP group received CP (15 mg kg-1, IP, weekly) and the CP + crocin group received CP along with crocin (200 mg kg-1, IP, daily). After 35 days of treatment, animals were sacrificed. The samples of epididymis in human tubal fluid medium incubated for 30 min in 5% CO2 for flotation of sperm. Sperm were obtained from caudal epididymis using dissecting method. Then, the parameters of sperm quality including sperm count, motility, viability, DNA damage, nuclear maturation, and sperm morphology were evaluated. In CP group, the sperm count, motility, viability, nuclear maturation and sperm morphology were significantly decreased compared to control group (p < 0.05) and in the CP + crocin group all of these parameters significantly increased compared to CP group (p < 0.05). The percentage of sperm with DNA damage in the CP group significantly increased compared to other groups (p < 0.05). The results of this study indicated that the crocin was able to suppress free radicals and enhance the quality of sperm in CP treated animals.}, keywords = {Crocin,Cyclophosphamide,Mice,Sperm quality}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6621.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6621_9faea536b9bca65b75e31aebb2bd9258.pdf} } @article { author = {Shariati, Elnaz and Bakhtiari, Jalal and Khalaj, Alireza and Niasari-Naslaji, Amir}, title = {Comparison between two portal laparoscopy and open surgery for ovariectomy in dogs}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {219-223}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {Ovariectomy (OVE) is a routine surgical procedure for neutering in small animal practice. Laparoscopy is a new surgical technique which contains advantages such as less trauma, smaller incision and excellent visualization than traditional open surgery. The present study was conducted to examine the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic procedure through two portal comparing with the conventional open surgery for OVE in healthy female bitches (n=16). Dogs were divided in two equal groups. In laparoscopic group, two 5 and 10 mm portals were inserted; First in the umbilicus for introducing the camera and the second, caudal to the umbilicus for inserting the forceps. Laparoscopic procedure involved grasping and tacking the ovary to the abdominal wall, followed by electrocautery, resection and removal of the ovary. In open surgery, routine OVE was conducted through an incision from umbilicus to caudal midline. Mean operative time, total length of scar, blood loss, clinical and blood parameters and all intra and post-operative complications were recorded in both groups. Mean operative time, total length of scar, blood loss and post-operative adhesions were significantly less in laparoscopic group compared with open surgery. In conclusion, laparoscopic OVE is an acceptable procedure due to more advantages in comparison with traditional OVE.}, keywords = {Dog,laparoscopy,Ovariectomy,Two Portal}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6615.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6615_4d98fc4d24964ec973a1c8edb265be17.pdf} } @article { author = {Peyghan, Rahim and Khadjeh, Gholam Hosain and Enayati, Ala}, title = {Effect of water salinity on total protein and electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {225-229}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {In this study the effects of water salinity on serum total protein and its components in grass carp were investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of salinity tolerance of fish on total serum protein level and its components as an indicator of liver and kidney activity. One hundred and twenty grass carp were divided into four groups, randomly. The first three groups were reared in concentration of 4, 8 and 12 g L-1 of salt solution, respectively, and the fourth group was reared in freshwater and served as control. After 3 weeks, blood samples were collected and after harvesting the blood serum, serum total protein and protein components were measured with Biuret and electrophoresis methods, respectively. Results showed that mean value of serum total protein in the control and three salinities groups were 2.75, 3.28, 2.90 and 3.13 g dL-1, respectively. Five fractions of serum protein were electrophoretically observed as: albumin (Alb), alpha-1 globulin (α1-glu), alpha-2 globulin (α2-glu), beta globulin (β-glu) and gamma globulin (γ-glu). There were not any significant differences between the average mean of serum total protein of experimental and control groups (p > 0.05). However, Alb, α1-glu and β-glu levels in the experimental groups were significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.05). The average of α2-glu and γ-glu revealed no significant difference between the experimental groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that increasing water salinity could have a significant effect on Alb, α1-glu and β-glu levels but not on total serum protein in grass carp.}, keywords = {electrophoresis,Grass Carp,Salinity,Serum protein}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6609.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6609_cfa47fd83da387bd6dd9c164f0704968.pdf} } @article { author = {Kojouri, Gholam Ali and Nourani, Hossein and Sadeghian, Sirous and Imani, Hadi and Raisi, Abbas}, title = {Pathological findings of slaughtered camels’ (Camelus dromedaris) kidneys in Najaf-Abad, Iran}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {231-235}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {The kidney of camel is known to play a vital role in water conservation through the production of highly concentrated urine that may predispose animal to varieties of renal dysfunction. In camels renal disorders have received lesser attention in comparison with other animals, thus there is shortage of information in this area. The present study was conducted on 100 slaughtered camels (Camelus dromedaris) (200 kidneys) in Najaf-Abad district (Iran) to evaluate the frequency and types of renal disorders. Results demonstrated varieties of gross abnormalities in 14.00% of kidneys that out of them, 9.00% were confirmed by microscopic examination. Renal capsular pigmentation, medullary hyperemia, subcapsular calcification, cortical and medullar discoloration, hemorrhage in renal pelvis, nephrolithiasis and hydatidosis were recorded in 3, 6, 5, 6, 3, 2 and 3 cases, respectively. In addition, capsular melanosis, acute tubular necrosis, chronic interstitial nephritis, caseous necrosis, calcification, medullary hyperemia, and hydatid cyst were confirmed by histopathological examination in 3, 5, 1, 3, 2, 2, and 2 cases, respectively. Our findings indicate the presence of many types of renal disorders which may relate to dehydration, bacteremia or nephrotoxicosis. In addition capsular melanosis in male camel was recorded for the first time and its etiology remains to be addressed.}, keywords = {camel,Histopathology,Kidney}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6611.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6611_17d960ff51b4ae8100e183b30286e681.pdf} } @article { author = {Tolouei Kaleibar, Mohammad and Ashrafi Helan, Javad and Fathi, Ezzatollah}, title = {Occurrence of congenital cerebral theileriosis in a newborn twin Holstein calves in Iran: Case report}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {237-241}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {An 8-day-old newborn female twin Holstein calves with a history of weakness, anorexia, emaciation and convulsion were presented to Tabriz University Veterinary Teaching Hospital. On admission, the calves were febrile and recumbent. Physical examination revealed many ticks from the external body surface of the animals, right and left prescapular lymphadenopathy, severe opisthotonos, nystagmus, pedaling, blindness, hyperpnea and hypersthenia. Buccal and vaginal mucous were pale and no other physical abnormalities were diagnosed. Fecal flotation, complete blood count, bone marrow aspiration, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, necropsy and histopathological examination were performed. Fecal flotation showed no helminth eggs or coccidial oocysts. On blood smears obtained from the earlap, >70 percent of erythrocytes were infected with piroplasms organisms and schizonts were obvious in smears of lymphocytes lymph node. Blood count revealed a lymphopenia, poikilocytosis, anisocytosis and non-regenerative anemia (packed cell volume; mean, 16%). Histopathological examination revealed Arthus reaction through the walls of cerebral blood vessels, which resulted in local necrosis of the brain. Analysis of CSF showed no abnormality in appearance or biochemical and cell counts. Although the calves were treated with a single intramuscular injection of buparvaquone and oxytetracycline once daily they did not respond to the treatment and died. In conclusion, the present cases showed a rare cerebral form of theileriosis by vertical transmission that confirmed by the presence of piroplasms on blood films and multinuclear schizonts on lymph node aspiration smears, gross and histopathological examinations and unsuccessful treatment in a newborn twin Holstein calves.}, keywords = {Calves,Cerebral theileriosis,Twin}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6610.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6610_946d115e9632282525c2aa62fba11975.pdf} } @article { author = {Sharifiyazdi, Hassan and Abbaszadeh Hasiri, Mohammad and Amini, Amin Hosein}, title = {Intravascular hemolysis associated with Candidatus Mycoplasma hematoparvum in a non-splenectomized dog in the south region of Iran}, journal = {Veterinary Research Forum}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {243-246}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University}, issn = {2008-8140}, eissn = {2322-3618}, doi = {}, abstract = {A 2-year-old male Pekingese dog was referred to Shiraz University’s Veterinary Teaching Hospital for anorexia and depression. The case had no history of surgery. Physical examination revealed no abnormalities except mild depression and fever. Small, coccoid, epicellular bacteria were detected on erythrocytes by microscopic examination of the Giemsa-stained blood smears. Abnormalities noted in the complete blood count included regenerative anemia characterized by a marked reticulocytosis. Examination of the plasma showed visual evidence of slight intra vascular hemolysis. In addition, Howell-Jolly bodies, nucleated RBCs, increased immature neutrophils and thrombocytosis were found in this case. The urine was strongly positive for bilirubin, and the urine sediment had abundant bilirubin crystals. For polymerase chain reaction (PCR) purpose, total DNA was extracted from blood sample collected from dog. PCR was positive and phylogenetic analysis of concatenated data showed our isolate clustered within Candidatus Mycoplasma hematoparvum group. Treatment was performed by oral ciprofloxacin and prednisolone. The clinical signs improved after three days. Two month follow-up showed no recurrence. In conclusion, hemoplasmosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in dogs with hemolytic process and pyrexia. The PCR evaluation for hemoplasma DNA should be included in the investigation of such cases to enable the rapid detection of this infection, which may be more common than previously estimated. Besides, ciprofloxacin might have an effect on treatment of hemoplasma in dogs, however, conducting further case studies are necessary to recommend successful treatment.}, keywords = {Dog,Hemoplasma,Hemotropic mycoplasma,Mycoplasma hematoparvum}, url = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6613.html}, eprint = {https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_6613_7488d0a2b1b2d3084b5c9ea55c9da9ce.pdf} }