ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Morphological Characterization of the Blood Cells in the Central Asian Tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii)
In this study morphological characterization of leukocyte and erythrocyte were investigated in central Asian tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii) in Iran. 7 males and 7 females were used in this study. Erythrocyte and leukocyte morphology were described using Wright´s technique. The sizes of erythrocyte and their nuclei were measured using an ocular micrometer under objective lenses (100x). Results of this study were compared with previous work on the other reptile species. Because there were no significant differences between the erythrocyte size of female and male tortoise, the data from the females and males of individual species were pooled. The mean length of mature erythrocytes was 1.98 µm (± 0.16 SD, with a range 1.10 - 2.50 µm).The mean width of mature erythrocytes was 1.10 µm (± 0.14 SD, with a range of 0.80 - 1.90 µm).The mean length of nucleus was 0.71 µm (± 0.09 SD, with a range of 0.50 - 1.00 µm). The mean width of the nucleus was 0.52 µm (± 0.07 SD, with a range of 0.40 - 0.70µm). Five types of leukocytes were found in the tortoise blood namely basophiles, eosinophils, lymphocytes, heterophils and monocytes.
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_1500_6a72140cdffd0f2dacaf65074debbf42.pdf
2010-12-01
134
141
Erythrocyte
Leukocyte
Morphology
Testudo horsfieldii
Tortoise
Mohammad
Shadkhast
Shadkhast@yahoo.com
1
Department of Anatomical and Histological Science of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Homayoun-Reza
Shabazkia
2
Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
AUTHOR
Amin
Bigham-Sadegh
dr.bigham@gmail.com
3
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Ebrahim
Shariati
4
Student of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
AUTHOR
Taji
Mahmoudi
5
Student of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
AUTHOR
Mojdeh
Shariffian-Fard
6
PhD Student of Bacteriology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of the Seminal Plasma Iron and Lead Content on Semen Quality of Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Bulls
In order to determine iron and lead content of seminal plasma in water buffalo and to study their associations with the semen characteristics, 54 semen samples were collected from 10 buffalo bulls. The semen characteristics were evaluated; its iron and lead content were estimated by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The iron and lead content of the seminal plasma (Mean ± SEM) was recorded as 40.68 ± 0.75 mg L-1 and 0.026 ± 0.008 mg L -1, respectively. The mean iron value was highly associated with sperm progressive motility, gross motility and viability, negatively with lead content, and had a negative association with semen volume. The mean lead value was highly negatively associated with sperm progressive motility, gross motility, viability and positively associated with sperm abnormal morphology. For further clarification of these associations, the results were categorized in three groups of excellent (Ex, > 90 % motile, n = 33), good (Go, 80-89 % motile, n = 15) and moderate (Mo, < 79 % motile, n = 6) according to their percentage of sperm motility. The mean progressive motility in Ex, Go and Mo group was 92.24 ± 0.51 %, 81.66 ± 0.62 %, and 71.66 ± 1.05 % respectively. The mean iron and lead values and their associations with other parameters in these groups are discussed. The results show that seminal plasma iron content is associated with the motility and viability of the spermatozoa after ejaculation, but its lead content has an adverse effect on these parameters.
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_1502_6b1a4952340ce9a1a4e1ade1c23fbca1.pdf
2010-12-01
142
148
Key words: Buffalo
Seminal Plasma, Iron, Lead
Mahdi
Eghbali
1
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Sayed Mortaza
Alavi-Shoushtari
sayedmortazaalavishoushtari@gmail.com
2
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Siamak
Asri-Rezaei
siamak.asri@gmail.com
3
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad-Hassan
Khadem Ansari
4
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Disposition Kinetics of Amoxicillin in Healthy, Hepatopathic and Nephropathic Conditions in Chicken after Single Oral Administration
Fifteen broiler chickens (COBB 400) of 42 days of age weighing 1.8 to 2.0 kg were equally divided into 3 groups, each consisting of 5 birds. Hepatopathy was induced by oral administration of paracetamol while nephropathy was induced by intravenous administration of uranyl nitrate. Kinetic study was investigated in healthy, hepatopathic and nephropathic birds following single oral administration of amoxicillin at 40 mg kg-1. Blood samples were collected at different time schedule. Plasma concentrations of amoxicillin in healthy, hepatopathic and nephropathic birds were 41.90 ± 5.59, 9.93 ± 0.76 and 38.75 ± 6.08 μg ml-1, respectively at 1 hr; 15.34 ± 1.99, 18.57 ± 1.66 and 67.40 ± 2.62 μg ml-1, respectively at 4 hr and 2.03 ± 0.28, 15.54 ± 0.82 and 30.63 ± 1.58 μg ml-1, respectively at 24 hr. Maximum plasma concentration was detected at 1 hr in healthy birds (41.90 ± 5.59 μg ml-1 ), at 8 hr in hepatopathic birds (23.51 ± 1.64 μg ml-1) and at 4 hr in nephropathic birds (67.40 ± 2.62 μg ml-1). The drug could not be detected in plasma beyond 24 hr in healthy, 72 hr in both hepatopathic and nephropathic birds. The concentration of amoxicillin was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in most of the samples of hepatopathic and nephropathic birds compared to healthy birds. Significant higher values (P < 0.01) of t1/2 K, AUC, and MRT and lower values of K and ClB in the hepatopathic and nephropathic birds in comparison to healthy birds were observed.
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_1514_666498c76e78480626e0d8ab20d1f85d.pdf
2010-12-01
150
156
Chicken
Disposition kinetics
Amoxicillin
Hepatopathic
Nephropathic
Moloy Kumar
Bhar
1
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia, West Bengal, India, Pin: 741252
AUTHOR
Bakul Kumar
Datta
drbkd75@yahoo.co.in
2
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia, West Bengal, India, Pin: 741252
LEAD_AUTHOR
Pabitra Hridoy
Patra
3
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia, West Bengal, India, Pin: 741252
AUTHOR
Jeevan Ranjan
Dash
4
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia, West Bengal, India, Pin: 741252
AUTHOR
Tapas Kumar
Sar
5
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia, West Bengal, India, Pin: 741252
AUTHOR
Animesh Kumar
Chakraborty
6
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia, West Bengal, India, Pin: 741252
AUTHOR
Tapan Kumar
Mandal
7
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia, West Bengal, India, Pin: 741252
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Protective Effect of Liquorice Plant Extract on CCl4-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
The protective effect of liquorice plant extract (LPE) on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in common carp was evaluated using fifty adult carps. The fish were cultured in a standard environment in terms of water flow rate, oxygen, pH, food and temperature. The fish were assigned into 5 groups (N = 10) as control, sham, and tests. The test groups were pre-treated for 3 h with various concentrations of LPE, 3 days before CCl4 exposure. The control and sham groups received normal saline before and after CCl4 exposure. To induce hepatotoxicity, animals in the sham and test groups were exposed against 100 μl L-1 CCl4 for 45 min. The fish in all groups 1 h after CCl4 exposure were anesthetized and the blood samples were collected. Immediately the liver specimens were dissected out and were stored in 10 % formalin for further pathological studies. Determination of serum level of ALP and SGOT revealed that acute form of CCl4 exposure elevated significantly (P < 0.05) the serum level of either tested hepatic marker enzymes. While 3 days pretreatment with LPE prevented from ALP and SGOT enhancement. The pathological evaluation revealed that the CCl4 exposure resulted in a minor pathologic manifestation such as slight congestion, which the LPE pretreated groups showed the remarkable improvement. The anti-oxidant capacity of LPE was assayed by FRAP and DPPH methods. Both provided techniques showed that LPE exerts an excellent anti-oxidant effect. This data suggest that LPE exerts protective effect against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. Moreover, the hepatoprotective effect of LPE may attribute to its antioxidant capacity.
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_1515_ad3b5523f3d8d1b135ad8413b4d434b0.pdf
2010-12-01
158
164
antioxidant capacity
Biochemical changes
Hepatoprotective
Liquoric plant extract
CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity
Hassan
Malekinejad
hassanmalekinejad@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Arash
Alizadeh
2
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Hadi
Cheraghi
3
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Saeed
Meshkin
4
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Fereshteh
Dardmeh
5
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Thioperamide-induced Antinociception is Mediated through Endogenous Opioid System in the Dentate Gyrus of Adult Rats
The present study investigated the effects of intra-dentate gyrus microinjection of naloxone (an opioid antagonist) and thioperamide (an antagonist of histamine H3 receptors) in the formalin test in rats. Subcutaneous injection of formalin (50 μl, 2.5 %) in the ventral surface of right hind paw produced a biphasic pattern (first phase: 0-5 min and second phase: 15 - 60 min) of licking/biting and shaking of the injected paw. Intra-dentate gyrus microinjections of thioperamide (2 and 4 μg) significantly (P < 0.05) suppressed the pain responses. Microinjections of naloxone (1, 2 and 4 μg) alone into the dentate gyrus non-significantly increased the intensity of pain. Pretreatment with naloxone (4 μg) significantly (P < 0.05) reversed the antinociceptive effect of thioperamide (4 μg). The results indicated that at the level of the dentate gyrus, blockade of histamine H3 receptors with thioperamide produced an analgesic effect. This thioperamide-induced antinociception may be mediated through the endogenous opioid system.
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_1516_92224e3e9a74b039641f78da7c235437.pdf
2010-12-01
166
173
Dentate gyrus
Formalin-induced pain
naloxone
Thioperamide
Rats
Emad
Khalilzadeh
1
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Esmaeal
Tamaddonfard
e_tamaddonfard@urmia.ac.ir
2
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amir-Abbas
Farshid
3
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Amir
Erfanparast
4
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Retrospective Survey of Fasciolosis and Dicrocoeliosis in Slaughtered Animals in Meisam Abattoir, Tehran, Iran (2005-2008)
Fasciolosis and dicrocoeliosis are endemic parasitic diseases in Middle East especially Iran, which making significant economic problems. This retrospective survey has been done to evaluate contamination rate of slaughtered animals with fasciolosis and dicrocoeliosis at Meisam abattoir, in Tehran, Iran. In this survey, prevalence rate of fasciolosis and dicrocoeliosis in slaughtered animals in a three-year period (2005-2008) has been analyzed. The prevalence rates of fasciolosis and dicrocoeliosis in cattle were 2.20 % and 2.5 %, and the rates in sheep were 2.01 % and 5.83 %, respectively. The average annual direct economic loss incurred as a result of condemnation of ovine and bovine infected livers due to fasciolosis and dicrocoeliosis were estimated as high as 227,907 USD. The results of current survey revealed the rate of dicrocoeliosis is higher than fasciolosis. Our work proved that the highest frequency rate of the fasciolosis and dicrocoeliosis in cattle was in summer and spring, respectively. Whereas winter and autumn had the highest prevalence rate of fasciolosis and dicrocoeliosis in sheep.
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_1517_d6ac10e2661394d313074bffd9fac3f5.pdf
2010-12-01
174
178
Prevalence
Fasciolosis
Dicrocoeliosis
Slaughtered animals
Tehran province
Ali
Khanjari
Khanjaria@ut.ac.ir
1
Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Razieh
Partovi
2
Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Sepideh
Abbaszadeh
abbaszadehs@bmsu.ac.ir
3
Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ghazal
Nemati
4
Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Bahonar
5
Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Misaghi
6
Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Afshin
Akhondzadeh-Basti
7
Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Alizadeh-Ilanjegh
8
Veterinary Organization of Tehran Province, Iran
AUTHOR
Afshin
Motaghifar
9
Veterinary Organization of Tehran Province, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Seroprevalence of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) among Client-owned Cats in Ahvaz, Southwestern of Iran
The present study was conducted to detect prevalence and risk factors for retrovirus infection of infected cats in a cat population in Iran, by evaluation of 238 client-owned cats of different ages that were tested for the presence of FIV antibodies. The cats were selected from those referring to Veterinary Hospital of Ahvaz University, southwestern Iran from December 2007 to June 2010. Classification was made by age, sex, breed, region and season. The studied cats were divided into two age groups (≤ 3 years and >3 years) and based on clinical signs into two groups. Prevalence of FIV antibodies in these cats was 10.5 % by immunochromatography assay, indicating that this virus is present in the environment. The infection had more prevalence in cats above 3 years (13.9 %) compared with cats less than 3 years (4.6 %). Statistical analysis showed significant difference between different age groups. Mean age of FIV-infected and FIV-negative cats were 4.93 ± 0.43 years (range 1.75 – 10 years) and 4.15 ± 0.20 years (range 0.4 – 15 years), respectively. Prevalence of infection was 12.6% in males and 8.1 % in females; nevertheless the infection was not significant between different sexes (P > 0.05). Six out of 36 cases (16.7 %) which had clinical signs and 19 out of 202 cases (9.4 %) which did not have clinical signs were seropositive, without significant difference between two groups (95 % CI for OR = 1.92). Risk factors for FIV infection were older age (95 % CI for OR = 3.35), access to outdoor (95 % CI for OR = 140.9) and aggressive behavior (95 % CI for OR = 82.71).
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_1518_ecdf26824be0817c8ccd4f5571fb148a.pdf
2010-12-01
180
187
Feline Immunodeficiency virus
Immunochromatography assay
Client-owned cats
Ahvaz
Iran
Bahman
Mosallanejad
bmosallanejad@scu.ac.ir
1
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Masoud-Reza
Seyfiabad Shapour
2
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Avizeh
3
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Pourmahdi
4
Department of Food hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Anti-ulcer Activity of Echinops Persicus on Experimental Gastric Ulcer Models in Rats
Extract of Echinops persicus is traditionally used for a long time in Iran for treatment of cough and constipation. This extract is produced by activity of bug (Situphilus spp.) on the plant. We documented its anti-tussive effect in rats in our previous study. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-ulcer effect of Echinops persicus in an animal model. In this study we evaluated anti-ulcer effect of Echinops persicus by Shay's method in rats. In 3 groups of rats, pylorus was ligatured under anesthesia. The rats were euthanized after 19 hours later and number and level of ulcer in stomach was measured. In group 2 the extract was orally administered 45 minutes before pyloric ligature, and in group 3, it was administered intraperitoneally 20 minutes before pyloric ligature. The number of ulcers in stomach was significantly low in group 2 (P = 0.01) and 3 (P = 0.037) in comparison with group 1. The level of ulcer was significantly decreased in group 2 (P = 0.047) with comparison to group 1. We conclude that, Echinops extract can exhibit potentially cytoprotective and anti-ulcer activity.
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_1519_c0d67ed209c614664bee0acc2bc02f52.pdf
2010-12-01
188
191
Echinops persicus
Anti- ulcer
Pyloric ligature
Helicobacter pylori
Ali
Asadi Rad
ali.asadirad@gmail.com
1
Educated from Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hossein
Najafzadeh-Varzi
2
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Farajzadeh-Sheikh
3
Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR