2024-03-29T04:56:02Z
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=4032
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Evaluation of the morphological features of the uterine tubes during postnatal development in West African Dwarf goats (Capra hircus)
Clifford
Abiaezute
Innocent
Nwaogu
Udensi
Igwebuike
The objective of this study was to highlight the postnatal development of the uterine tubes of the West African Dwarf goat from birth to 28 weeks of age by gross examination and light microscopy. There was a caudal migration of the paired uterine tubes from behind the paired kidneys at birth to the pelvic inlet at week 8 of age. Each uterine tube exhibited three segments namely; infundibulum, ampulla and isthmus. A marked flexure, the utero-tubal junction, was the point at which the uterine tubes joined the uterine horns. The length and absolute weight of the uterine tubes increased from 4.95 ± 0.28 cm and 0.02 ± 0.01 g at birth to 14.98 ± 2.79 cm and 0.22 ± 0.03 g at week 28 of age, respectively. The mucosa of the infundibulum and the ampulla showed long, branched and anastomosing primary, secondary and tertiary mucosal folds which decreased in height towards the isthmus. The mucosal folds within the isthmus were short and lacked the anastomosing pattern. The epithelia of all three segments were pseudostratified columnar. Numerous secretory blebs and extruded nuclei became apparent from week 16 of age. The thickness of the tunica muscularis varied with the segments.
Mucosal fold
Postnatal development
Puberty
Uterine tube
West African Dwarf goat
2017
03
01
1
6
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24320_eb185f43567842de5491639c895b3163.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Effect of extracellular matrix on testosterone production during in vitro culture of bovine testicular cells
Vahid
Akbarinejad
Parviz
Tajik
Mansoureh
Movahedin
Reza
Youssefi
Testosterone is believed to play a significant role in spermatogenesis, but its contribution to the process of spermatogenesis is not completely understood. Given that extracellular matrix (ECM) facilitates differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) during culture, the present study was conducted to elucidate whether testosterone contribute to the permissive effect of ECM on SSCs differentiation. In experiment 1, testosterone production was measured in testicular cells cultured for 12 days on ECM or plastic (control). In experiment 2, testosterone production was assessed in testicular cells cultured on ECM or plastic (control) and exposed to different concentrations of hCG. In experiment 3, the gene expression of factors involved in testosterone production was analyzed. Testosterone concentration was lower in ECM than in the control group in experiment 1 (p < 0.05). In experiment 2, testosterone concentration was increased in response to hCG in both groups but cells cultured on ECM were more responsive to hCG than those cultured on plastic (p < 0.05). In the experiment 3, qRT-PCR revealed the inhibitory effect of ECM on the gene expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, the expression of LH receptor was greater in ECM-exposed than in unexposed cells (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the present study showed that inhibiting the expression of StAR, ECM could lower testosterone production by Leydig cells during in vitro culture. In addition, the results indicated that ECM could augment the responsiveness of Leydig cells to hCG through stimulating the expression of LH receptor.
Bovine testicular cells
Extracellular matrix
Testosterone
2017
03
01
7
13
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24314_5e81343ffc1a8ec31fd42412a28e42f1.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Characterization of isolated pigeon paramyxovirus-1 (PMV-1) and its pathogenicity in broiler chickens
Mansoor
Mayahi
Masoud Reza
Seyfi Abad Shapouri
Ramezan Ali
Jafari
Mehrdad
Khosravi Farsani
Characterization of isolated pigeon paramyxovirus-1 (PMV-1) and its pathogenicity in broiler chickens were studied. Two hundred and thirty-two samples collected from 50 unvaccinated pigeons lofts suspected to Newcastle disease from private houses and bird markets from Ahvaz, Iran. Swab samples from cloaca and oropharynx of live pigeons and from trachea, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, brain, proventriculus and cecal tonsil of dead pigeons suspected to ND were collected. Isolation of the PPMV-1 was performed through intra-allantoic inoculation of 9- to 11- day-old embryonated chicken eggs. The RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were conducted. With PCR, multiplication of cleavage site of F gene was carreid out and PCR products were sequenced and phylogenetic comparison on isolates was performed. For pathogenecity study of isolated PPMV-1, one hundred sixty day-old broiler chicks were divided into four equal groups. Groups 1 and 2 chicks vaccinated against ND by B1 vaccine at nine days. Groups 3 and 4 were kept as unvaccinated control groups. Groups 1 and 4 chicks were challenged with 105EID50 of highest virulent isolated PPMV-1 by ocular route at day 29. The results indicated PPMV-1 is enzootic in Ahvaz pigeons and all isolates were virulent Newcastle disease virus with 112KRQKR*F117 motif. For study pathogenicity of pigeon isolate in chickens, they challenged with most virulent isolate, showed respiratory signs, conjunctivitis and in some cases depression and lethargy. In conclusion, isolated PPMV-1 is a virulent NDV and can infect chickens and produce mild ND in unvaccinated chickens.
Broiler chicken
Isolation
Newcastle disease
Paramyxovirus-1
Pigeon
2017
03
01
15
21
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24315_aa2d5824cf33f72ec55c6fdfbcbc2f36.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Effects of silver nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus contaminated open wounds healing in mice: An experimental study
Masood
Adibhesami
Malahat
Ahmadi
Amir Abbas
Farshid
Farshid
Sarrafzadeh-Rezaei
Bahram
Dalir-Naghadeh
The microorganisms have been noted as the main cause of delayed wound healing.The most common pathogen causing the wound infections is Staphylococcus aureus. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show ample antibacterial activities. In the present study, the effect of AgNPs on mouse wounds inoculated with S. aureus was investigated. Sixty male mice (20 to 30 g) were anesthetized, full-thickness skin wounds were made on their back and then the bacterial suspension was added to each wound bed. Treatments were administered on wound bed topically including gentamicin (8 mg kg-1), AgNPs (0.08 mg kg-1, 0.04 mg kg-1 and 0.02 mg kg-1) and normal saline in the control group. Wound healing was monitored macroscopically by taking digital photographs on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 of the experiment. Topical application of gentamicin and AgNPs (0.08 and 0.04 mg kg-1) significantly increased the rate of wound healing more than treatment with AgNPs at a dose of 0.02 mg kg-1and normal saline. The presence of silver nanoparticles in AgNPs groups (especially 0.08 mg kg-1) improved wound appearance better than other groups without silver nanoparticles (gentamicin and control groups) and led to lesser wound scars. According to data analysis, healing rate of treated mice with gentamicin and AgNPs (0.08 mg kg-1) was significantly (p < 0.001) faster than treated mice with other AgNPs doses and normal saline. The results of current study introduced an in vivo nanosilver accelerating effects on the treatment of on S. aureus infected skin wounds.
Infection
Nanoparticle
Silver
Skin
Wound healing
2017
03
01
23
28
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24835_f148f953dc2ffad680aada6178069462.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Role of μ-opioid receptor in parafascicular nucleus of thalamus on morphine-induced antinociception in a rat model of acute trigeminal pain
Esmaeal
Tamaddonfard
Amir
Erfanparast
The parafascicular nucleus (PFN) of thalamus, as a supraspinal structure, has an important role in processing of nociceptive information. In addition, μ-opioid receptor contributes to supraspinal modulation of nociception. In the present study, the effects of microinjection of naloxone (a non-specific opioid-receptor antagonist) and naloxonazine (a specific μ-opioid receptor antagonist) were investigated on morphine-induced antinociception in a rat model of acute trigeminal pain. Right and left sides of PFN of thalamus were implanted with two guide cannulas. Acute trigeminal pain was induced by local corneal surface application of hypertonic saline and the number of eye wipes as a pain index was recorded for 30 sec. Microinjection of morphine at doses of 1, 2 and 4 μg per site significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the number of eye wipes. Alone microinjection of naloxone (4 μg per site) and naloxonazine (1 and 2 μg per site) significantly (p < 0.05) increased corneal pain severity. Prior microinjection of naloxone (2 and 4 μg per site) and naloxonazine (1 and 2 μg per site) significantly (p < 0.05) prevented the antinociceptive effect induced by morphine (4 μg per site). All the above-mentioned chemicals did not alter locomotor behavior in an open-field test. The results of the present study showed an antinociceptive effect of morphine at the PFN level of thalamus. Mu-opioid receptor of the PFN of thalamus may be involved in morphine-induced antinociception.
Acute trigeminal pain
Morphine
Parafascicular nucleus
Rat
μ-opioid receptor
2017
03
01
29
34
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24322_0e25de45f2e6b216c9417c6df8ec281c.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Pathogenicity study of Iranian genotype of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IR-1)
Hamideh
Najafi
Arash
Ghalyanchi-langeroudi
Masoud
Hashemzadeh
Vahid
Karimi
Omid
Madadgar
Reza
Khaltabadi Farahani
Seyed Ali
Ghafouri
Hossein
Maghsoudloo
Parvaneh
Seifouri
Ali
Madhi
Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is a major cause of economic losses in poultry industry. The IB virus primarily affects respiratory tract, but various strains differ in their tropism for other target organs such as kidney and alimentary tract. The objective of this study was to estimate the pathogenicity of Iranian IBV variant (IR-1), which is limited exclusively to Iran. Specific pathogen free chicks were inoculated intranasally. Sera, fecal swabs and different tissue samples were collected on different days post infection (DPI). Clinical signs, gross pathology and histological changes were recorded. The viral load was quantified in the RNA extractions from different tissue samples using real-time PCR. Anti-IBV antibodies were detected in serum samples. The IgG antibody were found on 21 and 28 DPI. Severe histological lesions were observed in the trachea and lung while the lesions in kidney were appeared to be milder. Viral RNA was detected in all tested tissues from 1 DPI to the last day of the experiment. The highest viral load was measured in the trachea and feces on 1st and 5th DPI, respectively. It can be concluded the IR-1 had broad tropism for respiratory tract, digestive system, and renal tissue, reflecting its epitheliotropic nature, but it caused the most severe lesions in the respiratory tract. This was the first pathogenicity study of Iranian IR-1 IBV. Further knowledge of IBV pathogenesis provides the groundwork to inform more effective prevention practices.
Avian infectious bronchitis
Biochemical analysis
Histopathology
pathogenesis
Real-time PCR
2017
03
01
35
41
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24318_d4ff72e8330a78f2090da6df7090d3a9.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Changes in the expression of OCT4 in mouse ovary during estrous cycle
Narges
Bagheripour
Saeed
Zavareh
Mohammad Taghi
Ghorbanian
Seyed Hassan
Paylakhi
Seyed Reza
Mohebbi
The transcriptional factor OCT4 regulates pluripotency of stem cells and has an important role during oocyte growth. Whereas, its role has remained ambiguous in ovarian tissue during reproductive cycle. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the expression patterns of OCT4 in mouse ovaries during the normal estrous cycle. Adult National Medical Research Institute mice were classified as proestrous, estrous, metestrous and diestrous on the basis of vaginal smear cytology. Their ovaries were removed and the protein and gene expression levels of OCT4 were assessed using immunohistochemical staining and real-time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining revealed the expression of OCT4 in the cytoplasm of corpus luteum cells. In the follicles, OCT4 was expressed in the cytoplasm of granulosa cells. Furthermore, the gene expression levels of OCT4 was significantly higher in the proestrous phase than in the other phases of the estrous cycle (p < 0.05). The results indicated that OCT4 gene expression levels are affected by the cyclic pattern of the estrous cycle.
Estrous cycle
Expression
Mouse
OCT4
Ovarian tissue
2017
03
01
43
48
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24317_69060c099bb107db84e0ac2c6c901db2.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Determination of the optimal enrichment Artemia franciscana with a synbiotic combination of probiotics Pediococcus acidilactici and prebiotic fructooligosaccharide
Mahmood
Azimirad
Saeed
Meshkini
In this study the optimal amount of enriching Artemia franciscana with a synbiotic combination of Pediococcus acidilactici and fructooligosaccharide (FOS( was investigated. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in ten treatments: multi-level probiotics P. acidilactici (1×109, 1×108 and 1× 107 CFU per L) and multi-level enriched prebiotic FOS (1, 2 and 5) g per L of solution and control. To evaluate the enrichment of adult artemia with each treatment, sampling was performed at 2, 4 and 6 hr after initiation of enrichment. The results showed that a synbiotic containing a probiotic treatments P. acidilactici at 1 × 109 and 1 × 108 CFU per L had more bacteria than a synbiotic containing a probiotic treatment with 1 × 107 CFU per L (p < 0.05), but did not show significant difference between levels of 1 × 109 and 1 × 108 CFU per L (p > 0.05). The highest number of attached bacteria (6.78 ± 0.03 log CFU g-1) to adult artemia was shown after 6 hr of enrichment that showed significant difference with 2 hr, but did not show significant difference with 4 hr time. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that adult artemia in a short time (about 4 hr) unlike nauplii artemia can retain a large amount of probiotic (1 × 108 CFU P. acidilactici per L and 5 g per L FOS prebiotic) on their own.
Artemia franciscana
Enrichment
Fructooligosaccharide
Pediococcus acidilactici
Synbiotic
2017
03
01
49
54
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24316_6a045f8a3427c4dd61e2c8da540bec63.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Phylogenetic typing and molecular detection of virulence factors of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from colibacillosis cases in Japanese quail
Hesam
Alizade
Reza
Ghanbarpour
Maziar
Jajarami
Asma
Askari
Colibacillosis caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is an economic threat to the poultry industry throughout the world. Some of the virulence genes may enhance the ability of E. coli isolates to grow in the tissues of broilers. The APEC strains are assigned to a few distinct phylogenetic groups. The purpose of the present study was to detect the virulence genes and phylogenetic groups of E. coli isolates from colibacillosis cases in Japanese quail in 2014 in Kerman, Iran. In the present study, one hundred and two E. coli isolates were obtained from dead Japanese quails with colibacillosis. E. coli isolates were confirmed by standard biochemical and bacteriological methods. DNA of E. coli isolates was extracted by boiling method. The confirmed E. coli isolates were investigated to detect the phylogenetic groups and virulence genes including sfa/focDE, afaIBC, papEF by PCR methods. E. coli isolates were classified into A (62 isolates), B1 (24 isolates), B2 (12 isolates) and D (four isolates) phylogenetic groups. Among examined isolates nine isolates (8.82%) were positive for papE-F, five isolates (4.90%) for afaIB-C and two isolates (1.96%) for sfa/focD-E genes. Based on our findings, E. coli isolates from colibacillosis of Japanese quail could be assigned to various phylogenetic groups (mostly A and D), and they may contain the adhesion genes in a low prevalence.
Colibacillosis
Escherichia coli
Japanese quail
Phylogenetic group
Virulence gene
2017
03
01
55
58
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24319_4eddafba8b645c8822b5a1934cc18421.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Modeling of Salmonella typhimurium growth under the effects of Carum copticum essential oil, temperature, pH and inoculum size
Golshan
Shakeri
Abdollah
Jamshidi
Saeid
Khanzadi
Mohammad
Azizzadeh
The purpose of this study was to elucidate some factors affecting the growth of Salmonella typhimurium. These factors included Carum copticum essential oil (0%, 0.015%, 0.03% and 0.06%), temperature (25 ˚C and 35 ˚C), pH (5, 6 and 7) and inoculum size (103 and 105 CFU mL-1). Brain heart infusion broth was used as the growth medium. There were 48 treatment combinations and the experiment was carried out in triplicate. Growth was monitored by visible turbidity over a 30 days period. A parametric survival model based on the log-normal distribution was used to estimate the most influential factors on the time to detection of Salmonella growth. According to our results, the selected factors significantly affected the growth of Salmonella typhimurium. Furthermore, the final graph demonstrated good agreement between the values predicted by predictive model and the results which were observed in this study. So that a parametric survival model can be a useful and practical tool to predict how the parameters will influence the bacterial growth.
Carum copticum
essential oil
Modeling
Salmonella typhimurium
2017
03
01
59
65
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24321_a830fba1b72f81ec280ea1962bac37b3.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of feline hemoplasmas in domestic cats in Iran
Fereshteh
Ghazisaeedi
Nahid
Atyabi
Taghi
Zahraei Salehi
Iraj
Ashrafi Tamai
Saeid
Tabatabaei
Solmaz
Chegeni
Three known feline hemoplasmas are Mycoplsama haemofelis, ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum’ and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis’. They are described as cause of feline infectious anemia in domestic and wild felids. Other blood parasites or blood-related pathogens like concurrent retroviral infections may deteriorate the clinical condition and severity of anemia. The aims of this study were molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of hemoplasmas in domestic cats in Iran for the first time. Blood samples were collected from 185 healthy and diseased domestic cats. Blood smears were prepared and hematological parameters were measured to determine possible anemia. Using 16S rRNA gene universal and species specific polymerase chain reactions with the following sequencing, 47 (25.40%) of cats were hemoplasma positive. Also, 17.02%, 72.50% and 40.40% of total positive samples were M. haemofelis, ‘Ca. M. haemominutum’ and ‘Ca.M. turicensis’ infected, respectively. 10 (21.20%) of hemoplasma positive cats had anemic blood profiles (HCT < 24.00%). All M. haemofelis infected cases were included. Partial 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis revealed a high identity between the hemoplasma species found in this study and domestic cat sequences existing in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 94.00% to 100% sequence identity between sequences of this study and existing sequences in Genbank. All hemoplasma isolates in this study were grouped within a single clade and additionally subdivided into two groups; haemofelis group including M. haemofelis and ‘Ca. M. turicensis’ and haemominutum group including ‘Ca. M. haemominutum’.
Anemia
Cat
Feline hemoplasma
Iran
2017
03
01
67
73
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24326_b51716f1abe8f1f5605ee5031b341178.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
VacA and cagA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori isolated from raw meat in Isfahan province, Iran
Ali
Gilani
Vadood
Razavilar
Nordahr Rokni
Rokni
Ebrahim
Rahimi
Foods with animal origins play a substantial role in the transmission of Helicobacter pylori. The present investigation was carried out to study the vacA and cagA genotypes status of H. pylori isolated from various types of meat samples. Two hundred and twenty meat samples were collected and cultured. H. pylori-positive strains were analyzed for the presence of vacA and cagA genotypes. Eleven out of 220 (5.00%) samples were positive for H. pylori. Findings were confirmed by nested PCR. Prevalence of H. pylori in the meat samples of slaughterhouses and butcheries were 72.20% and 27.70%, respectively. The most commonly detected genotypes in the meat samples of slaughterhouses and butcheries were vacA m1a (66.66%) and vacA s1a (37.50%), respectively. The S1am1a was the most commonly detected genotype. Meat sampled from butcheries had the higher prevalence of H. pylori and its genotypes than those of slaughterhouses (p < 0.05). Results showed that meat samples could be the potential sources of virulent strains of H. pylori. Application of sanitary measures in the storage, transportation and sale of meat is essential for reducing the levels of H. pylori cross contamination.
Butchery
Genotype
Helicobacter pylori
Meat
slaughterhouse
2017
03
01
75
80
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24328_8ee67834cbf95dc3ddbf0772d3a5bb8f.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Leydig cell tumor in ovary of a German Shepherd bitch: An immunohistopathological study
Ghasem
Farjanikish
Ahmad
Oryan
Leydig cell tumor as a sex-cord stromal tumor is a relatively uncommon ovarian tumorin bitch. A 10-year-old female German Shepherd dog was presented because of protrusion of a large tumor-like mass of 16 × 14 × 7 cm in dimensions from her vagina. After stabilization of the patient, the mass was removed surgically and concurrent ovariohysterectomy was also performed. Macroscopically, the healthy tissue of the right ovary was totally replaced by a homogeneous, brown and firm mass. The neoplasm was well-circumscribed and nodular and it was clearly demarcated from the healthy tissue. Histological examination revealed the presence of solid sheets and acinar structures composed of polyhedral to elongated cells. The neoplastic cells had large, eosinophilic, and vacuolated cytoplasms with round to oval nuclei and expressed vimentin on immunohistochemical examination. These gross, microscopic and immuno-histochemical features are characteristics of ovarian Leydig cell tumor.
Dog
Immunohistopathology
Leydig cell tumor
Ovary
2017
03
01
81
84
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24323_919183d7e2d8a5aebee4025fd65059fe.pdf
Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum
2008-8140
2008-8140
2017
8
1
Polymelia with unhealed navel in an Iranian indigenous young fowl
Belal
Hassanzadeh
Arefeh
Rahemi
Developing supernumerary limbs is a rare congenital condition that only a few cases have been documented. Depending on the cause and developmental conditions, they may be single, multiple or complicated, and occur as a syndrome or associated with other anomalies. Polymelia is defined as the presence of extra limb(s) which have been reported in human, mouse, chicken, calf and lamb. It seems that the precise mechanism regulating this type of congenital malformations is not yet clearly understood. While hereditary trait of some limb anomalies was proven in human and the responsible genetic impairments were found, this has not been confirmed in the other animals especially the birds. Regarding the different susceptibilities of various vertebrate species to the environmental and genetic factors in embryonic period, the probable cause of an embryonic defect in one species cannot be generalized to the all other species class. The present study reports a case of polymelia in an Iranian indigenous young fowl and discusses its possible causes.
Anomalies
Congenital
Limb bud
Polymelia
Supernumerary limb
2017
03
15
85
87
https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_24327_5db4f90b6c30b050711fcb7b08842420.pdf