Mohammad Shadkhast; Homayoun-Reza Shabazkia; Amin Bigham-Sadegh; Seyed Ebrahim Shariati; Taji Mahmoudi; Mojdeh Shariffian-Fard
Volume 1, Issue 3 , December 2010, , Pages 134-141
Abstract
In this study morphological characterization of leukocyte and erythrocyte were investigated in central Asian tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii) in Iran. 7 males and 7 females were used in this study. Erythrocyte and leukocyte morphology were described using Wright´s technique. The sizes of erythrocyte ...
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In this study morphological characterization of leukocyte and erythrocyte were investigated in central Asian tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii) in Iran. 7 males and 7 females were used in this study. Erythrocyte and leukocyte morphology were described using Wright´s technique. The sizes of erythrocyte and their nuclei were measured using an ocular micrometer under objective lenses (100x). Results of this study were compared with previous work on the other reptile species. Because there were no significant differences between the erythrocyte size of female and male tortoise, the data from the females and males of individual species were pooled. The mean length of mature erythrocytes was 1.98 µm (± 0.16 SD, with a range 1.10 - 2.50 µm).The mean width of mature erythrocytes was 1.10 µm (± 0.14 SD, with a range of 0.80 - 1.90 µm).The mean length of nucleus was 0.71 µm (± 0.09 SD, with a range of 0.50 - 1.00 µm). The mean width of the nucleus was 0.52 µm (± 0.07 SD, with a range of 0.40 - 0.70µm). Five types of leukocytes were found in the tortoise blood namely basophiles, eosinophils, lymphocytes, heterophils and monocytes.
Uma Kanta Mishra
Volume 4, Issue 3 , September 2013, , Pages 137-144
Abstract
Age related cytochemical changes of thymic endocrine cells were studied in 78 day old chicks at five day interval to age of day 60 employing a panel of cytochemical stains. Methenamine silver revealed cell morphology including cell processes distinctly while diamine silver revealed a stronger argentaffinity ...
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Age related cytochemical changes of thymic endocrine cells were studied in 78 day old chicks at five day interval to age of day 60 employing a panel of cytochemical stains. Methenamine silver revealed cell morphology including cell processes distinctly while diamine silver revealed a stronger argentaffinity in these cells. The cells had greater affinity for diamine silver compared to methenamine silver (Argentaffin), followed by formaldehyde induced auto-fluorescence, argyrophilia, lead hematoxylin and HCl-toluidine. The chromaffin reaction was the weakest. Cytochemically, three different endocrine cell populations i.e. argentaffin cells, argyrophilic cells and amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation series (APUD)/chromaffin cells, formed the resident population of thymic endocrine cells. Occurrence of numerous serotonin storing cells, moderately frequent APUD cells, and fewer chromaffin as well as mast cells suggests for a conspicuous reservoir of amine storing cells in thymus. Morphologically argentaffin cells were of four types i.e. the peripherally granulated spherical cells (Type-I), densely granulated oval cells (Type-II), pyramidal argentaffin cells (Type-III) and diffusely granulated elongated cells (Type-IV). The type-II argentaffin cells were most frequent in the medulla followed by the type-I cells and the type-III cells. The type-IV cells were least in frequency. The age related changes in frequency of these cells are also discussed.
Cuauhtémoc Cruz-Valencia; José Antonio Herrera-Barragán; Fernando Gual-Sill; Juán José Pérez-Rivero; Zulma América Soto-Guerrero; Fernanda Rodriguez-Hernández; Juán Gabriel Rivera-Martínez
Volume 12, Issue 2 , June 2021, , Pages 137-141
Abstract
Harris hawks (Parabuteo unicinctus) are the raptors with more anthropogenic use, which makes it necessary to improve their reproduction either natural or assisted for sustainable use even though they are not endangered. The aim of this study was to determine fresh and thawed P. unicinctus sperm capacitation ...
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Harris hawks (Parabuteo unicinctus) are the raptors with more anthropogenic use, which makes it necessary to improve their reproduction either natural or assisted for sustainable use even though they are not endangered. The aim of this study was to determine fresh and thawed P. unicinctus sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction parameters as indicators of sperm viability in ejaculates of birds with injuries. A total of 30 ejaculates were analyzed as fresh and thawed samples. Basic sperm evaluations as well as in vitro acrosomal reaction capability through the presence and distribution of Ca2+ and N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid using chlortetracycline and agglutinin-fluorescein isothiocyanate Triticum vulgaris were performed,respectively. Tagged samples were observed using epifluorescence microscopy. The results indicated 30.00% decrease in sperm viability following freeze-thaw, while rate of capacitated sperms (10.00%) and the percentage of sperm with acrosomal reaction (40.00%) were increased. The results of the experiment demonstrated that the post-thaw viability of the obtained sperm may be an alternative for use in artificial insemination.
Sigfrido Burgos Cáceres
Volume 2, Issue 3 , September 2011, , Pages 145-146
Sigfrido Burgos Cáceres
Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2012, , Pages 155-157
Mahdi Deljou; Mohammad Reza Aslani; Mehrdad Mohri; Ahmad Reza Movassaghi; Mohammad Heidarpour
Volume 5, Issue 3 , July 2014, , Pages 161-167
Abstract
Toxic effects of monensin, a polyether antibiotic mainly used as a coccidiostat, have been described in a wide range of animals. The present study was performed to investigate the toxic effects of monensin in goats. Seven adult goats were administered sodium monensin, 13.5 mg kg-1, daily for five consecutive ...
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Toxic effects of monensin, a polyether antibiotic mainly used as a coccidiostat, have been described in a wide range of animals. The present study was performed to investigate the toxic effects of monensin in goats. Seven adult goats were administered sodium monensin, 13.5 mg kg-1, daily for five consecutive days via gastric gavage. Monensin toxicity was evaluated by clinical signs, serum biochemistry and pathology. Monensin exposure caused diarrhea, tachycardia and reduction in ruminal movements and body temperature. Significant increase of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase were observed in monensin exposed goats. Reduction of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and elevation of serum malondialdehyde and troponin I were inconsistent. In necropsy, there were effusions in body cavities, vacuolar degeneration and coagulative necrosis in cardiac and skeletal muscles and renal tubular necrosis. These findings suggested that monensin intoxication in goats leads to cardiac, skeletal and renal damage and a wide range of biochemical abnormalities. Oxidative stress may be involved in the pathogenesis of monensin poisoning.
Paula Alexandra Oliveira; Ana Faustino-Rocha; Elisabete Nascimento-Gonçalves
Volume 14, Issue 4 , April 2023, , Pages 177-178
Abstract
To the editor: We read the article entitled “Protective effects of Chromolaena odorata extract on experimental benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats” with great interest. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of hydro-methanol extract of Chromolaena odorata (HMECO) on testosterone propionate ...
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To the editor: We read the article entitled “Protective effects of Chromolaena odorata extract on experimental benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats” with great interest. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of hydro-methanol extract of Chromolaena odorata (HMECO) on testosterone propionate (TP)-induced benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) rat model. We want to congratulate the authors for this original article and make some positive comments. The BPH is a common condition in both aged men and dogs. Although not considered a precursor of prostate cancer (PCa), BPH commonly affects the prostate gland, and shares some features with PCa, like symptoms, hormone-dependent growth and response to anti-androgen therapy.1 Increasing our understanding in BPH can bring us more knowledge about PCa, for men and dogs. This is an article whose methodology is easy to replicate and whose authors know the specificities of this model of prostate hyperplasia. In our opinion, the remaining prostate lobes could have been evaluated, although in this specific model of BPH the hyperplasia of rat ventral prostate lobes is considered analogous to the morpho-logical alterations of human BPH. This article reinforces the importance of animal models in the preclinical evaluation of new therapies obtained from natural extracts. In a similar way, our research group evaluated effects of Castanea sativa Mill. flower (CF) in a N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) plus testosterone rat model.2 Animals from induced groups received a multistep protocol for PCa induction, consisted of sequential administration of flutamide, testosterone propionate, the carcinogenic agent MNU and crystalline testosterone. Animals from treatment groups were exposed to CF extract in drinking water, at a dose of 3.00 mg per animal daily, for 49 weeks, starting at the time of the carcinogenesis induction. Animals were sacrificed at 61 weeks of age, approximately 10 months after MNU administration. Our results suggested that CF extract was well tolerated by the animals and did not cause severe hepatic or renal toxicity. Furthermore, the animals exposed to the CF extract showed fewer inflammation areas on the dorsolateral prostate lobe than those not exposed to the CF extract, suggesting that this extract may be used as chemopreventive agent against prostate cancer and seems to have an antioxidant role. In conclusion, the studies with animal models of BPH and PCa add value to the study of prostate diseases and to test the efficacy of natural compounds, and their extracts.
Immunology
Saeed Ataei Kachooei; Mohammad Mehdi Ranjbar; Saba Ataei Kachooei
Volume 8, Issue 3 , September 2017, , Pages 179-184
Abstract
Members of gram-negative bacteria family Pasteurellaceae, include a large number of important economically human and veterinary pathogens. Organisms belonging to the family can colonize in mucosal surfaces of the respiratory, alimentary, genital tracts and cause diseases in various mammals, birds, and ...
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Members of gram-negative bacteria family Pasteurellaceae, include a large number of important economically human and veterinary pathogens. Organisms belonging to the family can colonize in mucosal surfaces of the respiratory, alimentary, genital tracts and cause diseases in various mammals, birds, and reptiles. Hemorrhagic septicemia is an acute disease of cattle and buffaloes in tropical countries caused by Pasteurella multocida serotype B:2. In the present study, the possible bactericidal activity of immune calf sera in the presence and absence of complement system was investigated. The results showed that P. multocida B:2 is highly resistant to positive serum, containing high levels of IgG and IgM obtained from calves after vaccination, and complement activity in normal fresh calf serum. This organism also grew rapidly in the normal fresh calf serum and the mixture of positive serum as well as normal fresh calf serum. As a control test an E. coli strain was subjected to the same experiment and found completely sensitive to the bactericidal activity of complement in calf and guinea pig fresh sera. Results were indicative of the presence of inhibitory mechanism(s) in P. multocida B:2 against bactericidal activity of immune calf serum and complement system.
Theriogenology
Kolsum Choobineh; Saeed Zavareh; Mojdeh Salehnia; Mohamad Taghi Ghorbanian; Seyed Hassan paylakhi
Volume 7, Issue 3 , September 2016, , Pages 181-188
Abstract
It was assumed that uterine stem cells are responsible for the unique regenerative capacity of uterine. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of the pluripotent stem cell markers in the mice uterine tissue during different stages of estrous cycles. Twelve virgin female ...
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It was assumed that uterine stem cells are responsible for the unique regenerative capacity of uterine. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of the pluripotent stem cell markers in the mice uterine tissue during different stages of estrous cycles. Twelve virgin female NMRI mice (6 to 8 weeks old) were considered at proestrus, estrus, metestrus and diestrus according to the cell types observed in the vaginal smear and underwent hysterectomy operation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemical staining for pluripotent stem cell markers (SOX2, OCT4, KLF4, and NANOG) were performed. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that expression and localization of the pluripotency markers SOX2, OCT4, KLF4, and NANOG at the protein level were not different throughout estrous cycle. Also, mRNA of pluripotency markers was detected in all tested samples. However, there were no significant differences in their genes expression at each stage and during the estrous cycle. Different hormonal profile during the estrous cycle could not affect expression of pluripotent stem cell markers in uterine tissue.
Food Hygiene
Hidayet Tutun; Hatice Ahu Kahraman; Yaşar Aluc; Tülay Avci; Hüsamettin Ekici
Volume 10, Issue 3 , September 2019, , Pages 181-186
Abstract
Analysis of elements content in honey is important for honey quality and safety and for monitoring of environmental pollution. The levels of 22 elements, aluminum (Al), barium (Ba), calcium (Ca), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese ...
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Analysis of elements content in honey is important for honey quality and safety and for monitoring of environmental pollution. The levels of 22 elements, aluminum (Al), barium (Ba), calcium (Ca), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), sodium (Na), lead (Pb), strontium (Sr), silver (Ag), bismuth (Bi), gallium (Ga), indium (In), lithium (Li), thallium (Tl) and zinc (Zn), were determined in 70 samples obtained from beekeepers located in the West Mediterranean region of Turkey. Determination of elements content was carried out using ICP-OES. Chromium, Co, Cd, Ag, Bi, In and Tl were not detected in any of the tested honey samples. The most abundant metal was K which has an overall average of 764.26 mg kg-1. Higher concentrations of Pb, Ni, Mg, Na, K and Mn were found in the samples obtained from Burdur compared to other provinces. The levels of Cu were statistically lower in Antalya in comparison to other regions. No significant differences were observed in Al, Zn, Fe, Sr, Ba, Ca and Ga levels between regions. The differences in the chemistry of honey samples collected from different regions may be due to geochemical soil composition and geographical differences. Their levels were below to the European limits and the honeys are safe for human consumption.
Sarah Shariati; Farhad Rahmanifar; Amin Tamadon
Volume 6, Issue 3 , September 2015, , Pages 185-190
Abstract
Brachiocephalic arteries in quails are large arteries which are arising separately from the aortic arch. The aim of the present study was to determine the histomorphometric aspects of brachiocephalic arteries in the Japanese quail. The different layers of the brachiocephalic artery were studied quantitatively ...
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Brachiocephalic arteries in quails are large arteries which are arising separately from the aortic arch. The aim of the present study was to determine the histomorphometric aspects of brachiocephalic arteries in the Japanese quail. The different layers of the brachiocephalic artery were studied quantitatively in 10, 20 and 60 days-old Japanese quail; (n = 6) and both sexes. Luminal diameter, thickness of the intima, media and adventitia, the percentage of the intima, media and adventitia, as compared with the total wall thickness were determined. It was found that luminal diameter and whole artery thickness increased by age (p < 0.05). In addition, the tunica media was the thickest layer, then tunica intima and at last tunica adventitia (p < 0.05). The muscularity of the right brachiocephalic artery was more than that of the left one (p < 0.05). Histomorphometric study of brachiocephalic arteries of Japanese quails showed that increasing of age causes increase of internal and external diameters of the artery and this increase in females was more than males.
Andrés Cartín-Rojas
Volume 4, Issue 4 , December 2013, , Pages 205-206
Histology
Ali Parchami; Mahdi Salimi; Mehrdad Khosravi
Volume 9, Issue 3 , September 2018, , Pages 205-209
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the dorsal surface of the long-eared hedgehog tongue using scanning electron microscopy. The tongue of the long-eared hedgehog is rectangular-shaped with an elongated body and a widened root and a marked deep median groove can be seen on its dorsal surface. A ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the dorsal surface of the long-eared hedgehog tongue using scanning electron microscopy. The tongue of the long-eared hedgehog is rectangular-shaped with an elongated body and a widened root and a marked deep median groove can be seen on its dorsal surface. A characteristic feature of the lingual root is presence of two huge laterally situated folds. These anatomical structures have never been described with regard to other small mammals studied so far. According to their anatomical appearances, the lingual papillae can be distinguished as filiform, conical, fungiform, circumvallate and foliate papillae. The filiform papillae covering the body of the tongue are longer and wider than those on its apex and have an apparent fork-like appearance. Fungiform papillae are evenly distributed on the dorsal surface of the apex and body of the tongue. The triangular area of the lingual root contains small caudally directed conical papillae with single processes. Foliate papillae are situated on both lateral surfaces of the lingual root medial to the huge lateral lingual folds as three large obliquely situated parallel folds. There are three circumvallate papillae, two of which are obliquely situated on both sides of the rostral part of the lingual root, while the third one is situated in the midline of the caudal part of the lingual root. The results show that the tongue structure of the long-eared hedgehog is more complex in comparison with other mammals which is related to its phylogeny and feeding habits.
Reza Asadpour; Razi Jafari; Hossein Tayefi-Nasrabadi
Volume 2, Issue 4 , December 2011, , Pages 218-221
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate effect of different concentrations of catalase in two extenders on motility, viability and lipid peroxidation bull spermatozoa during semen freezing process. Thirty ejaculates collected from ten Holstein bulls were pooled and evaluated at 37 °C. Pool ejaculated ...
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The objective of this study was to evaluate effect of different concentrations of catalase in two extenders on motility, viability and lipid peroxidation bull spermatozoa during semen freezing process. Thirty ejaculates collected from ten Holstein bulls were pooled and evaluated at 37 °C. Pool ejaculated was split into two main experimental groups, 1 and 2. In experiment 1, specimen was diluted to a final concentration of 30 × 106 spermatozoa with citrate-egg yolk and in experiment 2; specimen was diluted with tris-egg yolk extender to the same concentration. In both experiments diluted semen was divided into three aliquots, including a control and two test groups. Each aliquot was rediluted with an equal volume of extender either without (control) or with one of the antioxidants contained one of the following antioxidants: catalase (CAT; 100 IU mL-1) catalase (CAT; 200 IU mL-1) and control group. No significant differences were observed in sperm viability and motility following addition of catalase enzyme at concentration of 100 IU mL-1 and 200 IU mL-1 to citrate-egg yolk extender. But the highest sperm viability was achieved by addition of 100 IU mL-1 and 200 IU mL-1 catalase to tris-egg yolk semen extender compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Malondialdehyde levels did not change with addition of catalase in both extenders compared with the control group. The obtained results provide a new approach to the cryopreservation of bull semen, and could positively contribute to intensive cattle production.
David Williams; Sheldon Middleton; Hamidreza Fattahian; Roozbeh Moridpour
Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2012, , Pages 229-232
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a hyaluronic acid containing eye drop in ameliorating ocular surface pathology and discomfort in canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). Twenty five dogs with KCS treated with a topical carbomer (CA)-based tear replacement gel were moved to treatment ...
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a hyaluronic acid containing eye drop in ameliorating ocular surface pathology and discomfort in canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). Twenty five dogs with KCS treated with a topical carbomer (CA)-based tear replacement gel were moved to treatment with a hyaluronic acid (HA)-containing tear replacement eye drop. Dogs were subject to a full ophthalmic examination at the beginning of the study and after two and four weeks of treatment, Schirmer tear tests (STTs) were performed at each examination. Conjunctival hyperemia, ocular discharge and ocular irritation were evaluated and scored on a 0-3 semi-quantitative scale. Values were compared before and after 4 weeks of treatment using a paired t-test. Evaluation scores were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The transfer from CA-based to HA-containing tear replacement significantly decreased the conjunctival hyperemia score from 2.12 ± 0.73 to 1.26 ± 0.59 and ocular discomfort was lowered from 2.11 ± 0.97 to 0.93 ± 0.75. Ocular discharge was reduced from a score of 1.04 ± 0.82 to 0.70 ± 0.53, however, the decrease did not reach statistical significance. Schirmer tear test was increased with statistical significance (p < 0.001) but given that the increase was only from 5.42 ± 3.50 to 6.19 ± 3.86 mm min-1; this was not considered clinically significant. This study demonstrated that HA-containing eye drops used twice daily in dogs with KCS had greater ameliorative effects on ocular surface health and discomfort than did CA-based topical gels used as or more frequently.
Mohammad Arjmand; Abdolah Mirzaei; Mohammad Reza Jafarzadeh Shirazi; Amin Tamadon; Mohammad Saied Salehi; Mehdi Saeb; Mohammad Reza Namavar; Mohammad Reza Zandi; Hojatollah Shahheidari; Sara Moradi
Volume 5, Issue 4 , December 2014, , Pages 247-254
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to evaluate luteal activity in Abadeh ecotype goat during summer and winter and also the effect of a single dose kisspeptin-10 injection on the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in female anestrous goats. In the first study, progesterone (P4) concentration in 10 ...
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The aims of the present study were to evaluate luteal activity in Abadeh ecotype goat during summer and winter and also the effect of a single dose kisspeptin-10 injection on the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in female anestrous goats. In the first study, progesterone (P4) concentration in 10 goats in summer (n = 6) and winter (n = 4) were measured every other day. Moreover, in summer group, a male teaser goat was left in the herd on days of sampling for one hour. Goats with P4 concentration ≥1 ng mL-1, at least two consecutive measurements, were considered with luteal activity. In the second study, the anestrous phase was confirmed by P4 measurement 20 and 10 days before the kisspeptin injection in five female Abadeh ecotype goats (4 to 5 years old). The goats were given a single IV injection of saline (2 mL) as control group and the same goats (1 hr after the last blood sampling) were given kisspeptin (1 μg kg-1) as treatment group. The blood samples were collected at –60, –40, –20 and 0 min (before injection), and 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 min after the injection and LH concentration were measured. A single IV injection of 1 µg kg-1 of kisspeptin-10 did not stimulate the release of LH in female anestrous goats. In summer, in the presence of teaser goat, luteal activity was seen in all goats. In the absence of male goat in winter, some goats showed luteal activity and others showed anestrus.
Immunology
Reza Norian; Nowruz Delirezh; Abbas Azadmehr
Volume 6, Issue 4 , December 2015, , Pages 265-271
Abstract
This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate lymphocyte blastogenic and cytokine production by bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and concanavalin A (Con A) mitogens, by using tetrazolium salt and ELISA tests, respectively. ...
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This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate lymphocyte blastogenic and cytokine production by bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and concanavalin A (Con A) mitogens, by using tetrazolium salt and ELISA tests, respectively. The results presented that Interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-17 and IFN-γ production in response to PWM mitogens was the highest and Con A the lowest amount and the median values of three mitogens were in the following order: PWM > PHA > Con A > cell control. In the case of IL-6, the production of this cytokine was the same amount for PWM and Con A and a lower amount for PHA stimulation. The results of this study not only showed a normal range for the production of these cytokines from PBMCs that were affected by mitogens, but it demonstrated that the bovine immune system at 2.5 to 3 months was post-natally matured enough to mount an effective immune response to mitogens as well as specific antigens.
Mariela Adriana Ydiaquez-Miranda; José Antonio Herrera-Barragán; Miguel González-Lozano; Alejandro Ávalos-Rodríguez
Volume 12, Issue 3 , September 2021, , Pages 267-272
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the potential fertilizing of spermatozoa from the epididymal tail in different periods of time post-orchiectomy (P-OQ). Therefore, the study was approached in two stages. In the first stage, the orchiectomy was performed in 30 adult pigs. The testicles were stored ...
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The aim of this study was to determine the potential fertilizing of spermatozoa from the epididymal tail in different periods of time post-orchiectomy (P-OQ). Therefore, the study was approached in two stages. In the first stage, the orchiectomy was performed in 30 adult pigs. The testicles were stored at 5.00 ˚C in physiological saline solution for 5, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hr. The spermatozoa were obtained by backflushing the vas deferens. The spermogram and fluorometric study were performed for each sample to evaluate the exposure of phosphatidyl-serine (PS) and acrosome reaction (AR). The second stage included the fertilization test, 16 prepubertal sows were selected, after synchronizing the oestrous cycle and the post-cervical artificial insemination was performed with the refrigerated sperm samples from each P-OQ time. The percentage of live sperm remained without significant changes until 96 hr P-OQ. An increase in the percentage of spermatozoa that showed a PS exposure was observed. The premature AR was evident after 72 hr. Considering that the artificial insemination was performed ensuring a minimum number of live sperms, no significant differences were observed in the number of embryos and corpora lutea. The results indicated that pig sperm collected from the epididymal tail P-OQ and stored for 5 and up to 72 hr at 5.00 ˚C had viable characteristics and maintained their fertilization ability. However, there was an increase in the loss of phospholipid asymmetry of the plasma membrane as time increased (72 and 96 hr), therefore, sperm viability was decreased.
Keyvan Tadayon; Ehsan Mostafavi; Afshin Hajizadeh; Rainak Ghaderi; Parham Tadayon
Volume 10, Issue 4 , December 2019, , Pages 271-275
Abstract
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI) turned 95 years old in 2015. Majority of the animal infectious diseases such as rinderpest and anthrax that used to frequently strike the historic Persia are now gone for good or under control owing to the pioneering researches conducted at the institute ...
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Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI) turned 95 years old in 2015. Majority of the animal infectious diseases such as rinderpest and anthrax that used to frequently strike the historic Persia are now gone for good or under control owing to the pioneering researches conducted at the institute in the early-mid 20th century in the field of vaccine manufacturing. The earliest such scientific contributions, were truly made by the French eminent veterinarian Dr. Louis Pierre Joseph Delpy who joined the institute in 1931. In his 18 year-long directorship tenure he taught his colleagues fundamentals of vaccinology, basics of modern epidemiology, essentials of infectious disease control disciplines, the art of scientific writing and much more things that changed the institute for ever. This paper reviews the events and turning points in the first 25 years of service of the institute in a chronological way and remarks Delpy’s principle involvements in all of these on the occasion of the 120 anniversary of his birth. At the entrance of the institute headquarter building where his bronze bust is placed, visitors can see a memorial etched plate that reads “... The architect of Razi and founder of Archives De L’Institute Razi (Archives of Razi Institute) was an enthusiastic scientist with a creative mind. … For the Razi community, Dr Delpy is gone but not forgotten.”
Theriogenology
Reza Youssefi; Parviz Tajik; Mansoureh Movahedin; Vahid Akbarinejad
Volume 7, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 275-280
Abstract
Enrichment of cell suspension with germ cells prior to injection into recipient seminiferous tubules is of importance in spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) transplantation. Knock-out serum replacement (KSR) has been reported to enhance the proliferation of murine SSCs and human embryonic stem cells. The ...
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Enrichment of cell suspension with germ cells prior to injection into recipient seminiferous tubules is of importance in spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) transplantation. Knock-out serum replacement (KSR) has been reported to enhance the proliferation of murine SSCs and human embryonic stem cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of KSR versus fetal bovine serum (FBS) and their interaction on colonization of bovine SSCs in vitro. When FBS (10%) was replaced with KSR (10%), a significant increase in the colonization of SSCs and the expression of Thy1, as marker for enrichment of SSCs, was observed. It was revealed that the lesser proliferative effect of FBS as well as the greater proliferative impact of KSR on SSCs colonization were not irreversible as cells having been cultured with FBS (10%) for three days with low colonization showed high rate of colonization in response to KSR (10%) and cells having been cultured with KSR (10%) with high colonization experienced low rate of colonization in response to FBS (10%). Further, it was shown that FBS did not contain factors inhibiting SSCs colonization and it simply lacked factors essential for SSCs proliferation because the combination of FBS (5%) and KSR (5%) resulted in even greater rate of colonization than did KSR (10%). In conclusion, the present study showed that addition of KSR to culture medium would significantly increase SSCs proliferation.
Theriogenology
Somayeh Tavana; Mojtaba Rezazadeh Valojerdi; Hussein Eimani; Naeimeh Sadat Abtahi; Rouhollah Fathi
Volume 8, Issue 4 , December 2017, , Pages 275-280
Abstract
This study was carried out to assess the different ovarian transplantation sites after short-time autografting. Female rats were randomized into five groups, with six rats in each group, including control (intact), cervical subcutaneous transplanted (CST), back subcutaneous transplanted (BST), subfascial ...
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This study was carried out to assess the different ovarian transplantation sites after short-time autografting. Female rats were randomized into five groups, with six rats in each group, including control (intact), cervical subcutaneous transplanted (CST), back subcutaneous transplanted (BST), subfascial transplanted (SFT) and intramuscular transplanted (IMT) groups. In all experimental groups, the right ovary was removed and transplanted into different sites. After three weeks, ovaries were removed for morphology assessment, follicular counting and the rates of corpus luteum (CL) and cyst formation. Transplanted ovaries in BST and SFT groups were full of cysts and did not have sufficient numbers of intact follicles and were excluded from experiments. In IMT and CST groups, re-anastomosis, follicular development and good homogeneity of the stromal tissue were seen. However, the difference in intact antral follicles between CST (7.92 ± 0.02%) and CST-Op (opposite ovary of CST group) (30.99 ± 0.03%) was significant as well as the difference between CST (7.92 ± 0.02%) and control (10.08 ± 0.01%) groups. In addition, the number of intact primordial follicles in the CST-Op (16.58 ± 0.02%) group was significantly less than that of the control (40.40 ± 0.03%) group. Interestingly, the number of CL was significantly increased in the CST-Op (11.71 ± 0.01%) and IMT-Op (9.16 ± 0.02%) groups compared to the control and experimental groups. Although both intramuscular and subcutaneous sites effectively preserved ovarian follicles after three weeks, cervical subcutaneous site was better suited for auto-transplantation in rat.
Stem Cells
Jaime Sardá Aramburú Junior; Tiago Luis Eilers Treichel; Saulo Tadeu Lemos Pinto Filho; Sergio Alexandre Gerhke; Alencar Kolinski Machado; Francine Carla Cadoná; Ivana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz; Ney Luis Pippi
Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2018, , Pages 293-299
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of a DNA comet assay, DNA fragmentation fluorimetric assay and reactive oxygen species levels as potential biomarkers of genome conditions of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) isolated from dog canine teeth. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from ...
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of a DNA comet assay, DNA fragmentation fluorimetric assay and reactive oxygen species levels as potential biomarkers of genome conditions of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) isolated from dog canine teeth. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the dental pulp collected from dog teeth. The results obtained suggest the ideal moment for clinical application of cellular therapy for this type of cell. The cell culture was maintained with Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 10.00% fetal bovine serum for eight passages. During each passage, cell proliferation, oxidative stress and level of DNA fragmentation were assessed by3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay, testing 2,7 dichlorodihydro-fluorescein-diacetate and PicoGreen®, respectively. There were important differences among the first three DPSC passages compared to passages 4–8 and a large number of nuclei with some levels of DNA damage (30.00 to 40.00% in initial DPSC passages and > 50.00% in late passages), indicating in vitro DPSC genomic fragility. Within the limitations of this study, the results suggest these relatively simple and inexpensive approaches - comet and DNA fragmentation assays - could help sort stem cells with less DNA damage for use in research or therapies.
Rosa Angélica Sanmiguel; Anna Dedousi; Juan David López; Daniel Andrey Sierra; Evangelia Nikolaus Sossidou
Volume 13, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 461-467
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of in-feed inclusion of humic substances (HS) and/or calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on the performance and welfare of laying hens. A total number of 144 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (55 weeks old) were randomly assigned to four treatments, T1–T4 (36 birds per treatment). ...
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This study aimed to determine the effects of in-feed inclusion of humic substances (HS) and/or calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on the performance and welfare of laying hens. A total number of 144 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (55 weeks old) were randomly assigned to four treatments, T1–T4 (36 birds per treatment). T1 hens were fed on a control diet without HS or CaCO3, T2 hens were fed on the control diet + 2.00 g per bird per day CaCO3, T3 hens were fed on the control diet + 0.20% HS and T4 hens were fed on the control diet + 0.20% HS + 2.00 g/bird/day CaCO3. The experiment started after 15 days of adaptation and lasted 8 weeks. The parameters evaluated were percentage of hen-day egg production, food consumption, mortality, egg quality parameters and heart rate variability (welfare indicator). Hens in the T3 group showed a significantly lower feed intake than those in the other three groups, however, significantly higher daily egg production was recorded in groups T3 and T4 compared to T1 and T2. Eggshell quality characteristics were significantly improved by HS supplementation and eggs laid by hens in groups T1, and T4 presented paler yolk and shell color than those in the other groups. In conclusion, these results indicated that in-feed inclusion of HS had a beneficial effect on laying hens’ productive performance including egg production and eggshells quality.
Poultry
Fabian-Ricardo Gómez-De-Anda; Nancy Guadalupe Flores-Jiménez; Jorge Luis de-la-Rosa-Arana; Andrea-Paloma Zepeda-Velázquez
Volume 14, Issue 10 , October 2023, , Pages 525-530
Abstract
The different microorganisms that make up the normal microbiota of birds can be present in different substrates such as the soil and other elements that make up the habitat. In the case of the cattle egret, the intestinal microbiota can change due to partially migratory habits. Thus, this study aimed ...
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The different microorganisms that make up the normal microbiota of birds can be present in different substrates such as the soil and other elements that make up the habitat. In the case of the cattle egret, the intestinal microbiota can change due to partially migratory habits. Thus, this study aimed to isolate and identified fungi and yeasts with zoonotic potential obtained from cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) droppings settler in Tulancingo, Hidalgo, at Eastern economic zone of Mexico. Cattle egret droppings were collected for analysis, a total of 240 pool samples, which were spread on Sabouraud agar and incubated at 25.00 - 37.00 ˚C for 2 to 3 days. Filamentous fungi and yeast were identified by morphology and Lactophenol Blue staining or Chinese Ink stains. Filamentous fungi genera Mucor spp. (42.35%), Rhizopus spp. (26.71%); Penicillium spp. (13.35%); Paecilomyces spp. (11.40%); Scedosporium spp. (1.95%); and, from yeasts such as Cryptococcus spp. (2.29%); Rhodotorula spp. (1.95%) were identified. In this work, the presence of filamentous fungi genera and yeasts with zoonotic potential were isolated from droppings of cattle egret. The clinical presentation of fungal infections in humans can occur when immunosuppression is present or different predisposition factors are conjugated. The presence of birds and their dropping in anthropogenic activities is not a predisposing factor for the presentation of the disease in immunologically competent humans.
Microbiology
Yongxiang Liu; Lide Qin; Xiaoliang Hu; Yanmei Jiang
Volume 14, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Pages 583-588
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious pathogen seriously affecting the upper respiratory tract and producing oral diseases in the feline. Despite widespread vaccination, the prevalence of FCV remains high. In this study, the FCV qingdao (qd)/2019/china was isolated from a domestic feline oropharyngeal ...
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Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious pathogen seriously affecting the upper respiratory tract and producing oral diseases in the feline. Despite widespread vaccination, the prevalence of FCV remains high. In this study, the FCV qingdao (qd)/2019/china was isolated from a domestic feline oropharyngeal swab collected from Qingdao, China. The virus was purified using the plaque assay and identified using the Polymerase chain reaction and indirect immunofluorescence assay methods, the capsid amino acid, VP1 of qd/2019/china, showed sequence identity with the other isolates ranging between 83.90% (ym3/2001/jp) and 91.10% (CH-JL4). The sequence of the capsid amino acid revealed qd/2019/china to be closely related to CH-JL4 and clustered with CH-JL4 in the phylogenetic tree. The phylo-genetic analysis indicated that the complete genomes (GenBank® accession No. MZ322896) of qd/2019/china and CH-JL4 were also classified into the same cluster. The recombination analysis with Simplot indicated that the qd/2019/china originated from the recombination of CH-JL4 and HRB-SS, and the region 3,821 - 5,301 nt originated from HRB-SS. Further, the region 3,821 - 5,301 nt were found to belong to the protease-polymerase (PP) of HRB-SS. Here, we isolated a new recombinant virus, FCV qd/2019/china. Therefore, these results would be beneficial for better understanding of the evolution and epidemiology of FCV.