Document Type : Short Communication

Authors

1 Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

Abstract

Apelin is an endogenous peptide ligand for G protein coupled apelin receptors (APJ orphan receptors) which are very similar to angiotensin II receptors. Apelin is expressed in most tissues of the body including hypothalamus that is responsible for regulating water and food intake, the gastrointestinal tract, the circulatory system, adipose and muscle tissues, and the immune system. The physiological actions of apelin, including food intake, has not yet been reported in birds. In this study, the effect of intracerebroventricular injection of different doses of apelin-13 was investigated on food intake in neonatal broilers at the age of five and seven days. The chicks had access to food immediately after injection and cumulative food intake was measured at half, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 21 hr after injection. The 2-way ANOVA analyzed data showed that apelin-13 at dose of 1.00 μg significantly reduced food intake at 21 hr after injection in five-day old chicks. In addition, in dose of 1.50 μg, it could significantly reduce food intake at 2, 3, 4, 8 and 21 hr after injection. In seven-day-old chicks, the doses of 1.00 and 4.00 μg of apelin-13 had no effect on food intake compared to the control group. Apelin-13 at dose of 2.00 μg significantly reduced food intake at 8 and 21 hr after injection. The results of this study showed that apelin-13 had a reducing effect on food consumption in neonatal broiler chicks.

Keywords

  1. Yu JH, Kim MS. Molecular mechanisms of appetite regulation. Diabetes Metab J 2012; 36(6): 391-398.
  2. Saper CB, Scammell TE, Lu J. Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms. Nature 2005; 437 (7063): 1257-1263.
  3. O'Carroll AM, Lolait SJ, Harris LE, et al. The apelin receptor APJ: journey from an orphan to a multifaceted regulator of homeostasis. J Endocrinol 2013; 219(1): R13-R35.
  4. Zhang J, Zhou Y, Wu C, et al. Characterization of the Apelin/Elabela receptors (APLNR) in chickens, turtles, and zebrafish: Identification of a novel apelin-specific receptor in teleosts. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9: 756. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00756.
  5. De Mota N, Lenkei Z, Llorens-Cortès C. Cloning, pharmacological characterization and brain distribution of the rat apelin receptor. Neuro-endocrinology 2000; 72(6): 400-407.
  6. Yang YJ, Lv SY, Xiu MH, et al. Intracerebroventricular administration of apelin-13 inhibits distal colonic transit in mice. Peptides 2010; 31(12): 2241-2246.
  7. Lee DK, Saldivia VR, Nguyen T, et al. Modification of the terminal residue of apelin-13 antagonizes its hypo-tensive action. Endocrinology 2005; 146(1): 231-236.
  8. Baynes KC, Dhillo WS, Bloom SR. Regulation of food intake by gastrointestinal hormones. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2006; 22(6): 626-631.
  9. Konturek SJ, Konturek JW, Pawlik T, et al. Brain-gut axis and its role in the control of food intake. J Physiol Pharmacol 2004; 55(1 Pt 2): 137-154.
  10. Lv SY, Yang YJ, Qin YJ, et al. Central apelin-13 inhibits food intake via the CRF receptor in mice. Peptides 2012; 33(1): 132-138.
  11. Davis JL, Masuoka DT, Gerbrandt LK, et al. Autoradio-graphic distribution of L-proline in chicks after intracerebral injection. Physiol Behav 1979; 22(4): 693-695.
  12. Lv SY, Yang YJ, Qin YJ, et al. Effect of centrally administered apelin-13 on gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in mice. Peptides 2011; 32(5): 978-982.
  13. Susaki E, Wang G, Cao G, et al. Apelin cells in the rat stomach. Regul Pept 2005; 129(1-3): 37-41.
  14. Boucher J, Masri B, Daviaud D, et al. Apelin, a newly identified adipokine up-regulated by insulin and obesity. Endocrinology 2005; 146(4): 1764-1771.
  15. Horvath TL, Diano S, Sotonyi P, et al. Minireview: ghrelin and the regulation of energy balance - - a hypothalamic perspective. Endocrinology 2001; 142(10): 4163-4169.
  16. Tschöp M, Strasburger CJ, Töpfer M, et al. Influence of hypobaric hypoxia on leptin levels in men. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000; 24 Suppl 2: S151. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801309.
  17. García-Díaz D, Campión J, Milagro FI, et al. Adiposity dependent apelin gene expression: relationships with oxidative and inflammation markers. Mol Cell Biochem 2007; 305(1-2): 87-94.
  18. Furuse M, Matsumoto M, Saito N, et al. The central corticotropin-releasing factor and glucagon-like peptide-1 in food intake of the neonatal chick. Eur J Pharmacol 1997; 339(2-3): 211-214.
  19. Taheri S, Murphy K, Cohen M, et al. The effects of centrally administered apelin-13 on food intake, water intake and pituitary hormone release in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 291(5): 1208-1212.