Veterinary Research Forum

Abstract Testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury during testicular torsion is strongly influenced by oxidative stress caused by excessive accumulation of uncaptured reactive oxygen species. Kisspeptin-10 (Kiss-10), a biologically active fragment of kisspeptin peptide family, has demonstrated significant anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. Recent studies indicate that Kiss-10 can mitigate oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen species levels and enhancing the activity of endogenous anti-oxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. This study examined the effects of Kiss-10on ischemia-reperfusion injury in testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D) of male rats. Twenty male rats were divided into four groups, including the control group and three treatment groups (720° T/D, 720° T/D + 0.50 µg kg^-1 Kiss-10, and 720° T/D + 1.00 µg kg^-1 Kiss-10). After inducing 720° clockwise testicular torsion for 2 hr, sperm parameters, such as number, motility, viability, DNA damage, and hypo-osmotic test were evaluated. The results showed that 720° T/D can increase sperm DNA damage. Also, it also had negative effects on overall motility and other properties, such as viability and plasma membrane functionality. The results also showed that administration of Kiss-10to T/D rats can reduce DNA damage. It could also increase overall motility, viability, and plasma membrane functionality compared to the T/D group. Based on our results, Kiss-10 provides significant protection against acute T/D injury to the testis when administered after spermatic cord torsion in rat.

Abstract Tumors in cattle are uncommon, partly due to their relatively shorter lifespan, and vaginal neoplasms are rarely documented. Among vaginal and vulvar tumors, fibropapillomas are the most common, while leiomyomas, leiomyosarcomas, fibrosarcomas, and fibroleiomyosarcomas occur far less frequently. We describe the clinical presentation, surgical management, and pathological characterization of a vaginal fibroleiomyosarcoma in a 5-year-old Holstein cow. Clinical examination revealed a firm intravaginal mass attached to the dorsal wall. Surgical excision was performed under epidural anesthesia, followed by appropriate post-operative antibiotic and analgesic therapy. The cow recovered without complication, and no recurrence was observed during six months of follow-up. Macroscopically, the tumor measured 65.00 × 52.00 × 40.00 mm, and it was firm in consistency and gray in color. Histopathologically, it was composed of spindle-shaped neoplastic cells arranged in fascicles and bundles, displaying marked pleomorphism, blunt-ended nuclei, eosinophilic cytoplasm, and numerous mitotic figures. The stromal component showed variable collagen deposition, giving the lesion a biphasic fibromatous and leiomyomatous pattern. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells showed strong cytoplasmic positivity for α-smooth muscle actin and vimentin, confirming both smooth muscle and mesenchymal differentiation. Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as a primary vaginal fibroleiomyosarcoma. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the second report of such a tumor in cattle and the first described in a Holstein cow. The case highlights the diagnostic value of combining histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses for accurate identification of rare bovine vaginal tumors.