Parasitology
Afsaneh Doulatkhah; Mohsen Maleki; Ahmad Nematollahi; Javad Ashrafi Helan; Golamreza Razmi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 08 August 2023
Abstract
Tropical or Mediterranean theileriosis in dairy cattle is widely distributed in many tropical regions of the world. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the proliferation status of mononuclear cells infected with Theileria annulata schizonts in different tissues and its relationship with the pathogenesis ...
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Tropical or Mediterranean theileriosis in dairy cattle is widely distributed in many tropical regions of the world. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the proliferation status of mononuclear cells infected with Theileria annulata schizonts in different tissues and its relationship with the pathogenesis of the parasite in cattle by histopathology, immunohistochemistry and PCR. Blood and tissue samples of eight Holstein cattle lost due to theileriosis and eight healthy slaughtered cattle of the same breed were collected as a control group after necropsy. The piroplasms in the blood smears and the schizonts were microscopically detected in the cytoplasm of the lymphocytes and macrophages of the lymph nodes. Histopathologically, the proliferation of macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells in lymph nodes and the heart, congestion, and bleeding in the red pulp of the spleen, portal tracts of the liver, interstitial tissue of the kidneys, multifocal necrosis and ulceration in the abomasum together with hyperemia and hemorrhages and lymphoblastic infiltration in the submucosa and lamina propria adjacent to these lesions and emphysema with ecchymotic hemorrhage in the lungs were evident. Immunohistochemistry recognized the proliferated cells as mostly CD3-positive T lymphocytes and MAC387-positive macrophages. The positive results of PCR for the Tams1 30-kDa gene were observed in lymph nodes, liver, lung and abomasum. It was concluded that the pathological changes were the result of schizont-infected macrophage proliferation leading to severe uncontrolled proliferation of uninfected T lymphocytes.
Gizem Eser; Yavuz Selim Sağlam; Serkan Yıldırım
Volume 14, Issue 8 , August 2023, , Pages 461-464
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of parainfluenza 3 (PI3) virus antigen through histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) methods in sheep lung samples collected from Erzurum province, Türkiye. Between August and November 2017, 1462 sheep were dissected in the slaughterhouse ...
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The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of parainfluenza 3 (PI3) virus antigen through histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) methods in sheep lung samples collected from Erzurum province, Türkiye. Between August and November 2017, 1462 sheep were dissected in the slaughterhouse and their lungs were examined macroscopically. In total, 100 of the lung samples with pneumonia were selected. Routine histopathological and IHC analyses of the collected lung tissues with pneumonia were performed. Pneumonia observed through macroscopical and histopathological examinations of the lung samples was classified as purulent-catarrhal bronchopneumonia (14.00%), fibrinous bronchopneumonia (23.00%), interstitial pneumonia (69.00%), granulomatous pneumonia (7.00%), verminous pneumonia (19.00%) and pulmonary adenomatosis (6.00%). Two or three types of pneumonia were observed in many of the same cases. The PI3 virus antigen positivity rate in the IHC analysis of sheep lung samples was 19.00%. In the IHC tracing, positivities were found mostly in the alveolar macrophages and cytoplasm of bronchial, bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells. As a result, the prevalence of PI3 virus in sheep in Erzurum province, Türkiye, was determined to be 19.00% using KLN BVB IHC method.
Pathology
Hossein Alavizadeh; Zahra Moosavi
Volume 14, Issue 6 , June 2023, , Pages 347-350
Abstract
A 15-year-old male terrier dog with symptoms of lethargy and severe abdominal distension was referred to the polyclinic hospital of the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. In addition to numbness and abdominal distension, the dog also had anorexia and severe weakness and some skin masses were ...
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A 15-year-old male terrier dog with symptoms of lethargy and severe abdominal distension was referred to the polyclinic hospital of the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. In addition to numbness and abdominal distension, the dog also had anorexia and severe weakness and some skin masses were observed. Due to the enlarged abdomen, splenomegaly was diagnosed in ultrasonography. Fine needle aspiration was performed on the liver and skin mass and then, neoplastic lesions were reported based on cytology. On the necropsy, two masses were found on the liver and shoulder skin. These masses were well-encapsulated, soft and multi-lobulated. Samples taken from the liver and skin were prepared by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and then, two different immunohistochemical markers were used to confirm the initial diagnosis. Histopathological examination of these two well-encapsulated, soft and multi-lobulated masses on the liver and skin showed lipid content and liposarcoma was indicated. Immunohistochemical staining using two markers, S100 and MDM2, made a definitive diagnosis and confirmed the diagnosis.
Sila Kahyaoglu; Hasan Tarik Atmaca
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2022, , Pages 293-299
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoon parasite which causes toxoplasmosis both in human and warm-blooded animals. Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide disease and largely threats human and animal health consequently causing economic losses. Also, it affects the visceral organs in different severity degrees according ...
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Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoon parasite which causes toxoplasmosis both in human and warm-blooded animals. Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide disease and largely threats human and animal health consequently causing economic losses. Also, it affects the visceral organs in different severity degrees according to the strain of parasite and the host. In this study, experimental toxoplasmosis was performed via intra-peritoneal route in 12 gerbils by administrating 5.00 × 103 tachyzoites of T. gondii RH strain. The gerbils were sacrificed 7 days after inoculation. All systemic organs were obtained via necropsy and examined by immunohistochemical and histopathological methods. Lesions infected with T. gondii mostly observed in the serosa of abdominal cavity organs including stomach, liver, spleen, intestines, and kidneys. The lesions were most severe in liver. The parasite showed an affinity for the hepatic tissue. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental study of acute T. gondii infection in gerbil evaluating macroscopic, microscopic and immunohistochemical findings. It is concluded that Mongolian gerbils can be used as experimental animals to investigate toxoplasmosis. Also, these animals are very suitable hosts to study liver pathology and pathobiology of T. gondii-related hepatitis.
Hossein Nourani; Mojtaba Ashouri
Volume 13, Issue 2 , June 2022, , Pages 223-231
Abstract
In addition to the fifty years since the test-and-slaughter program began in Iran and despite a significant reduction in the disease prevalence, positive tuberculosis cases are still being isolated from livestock farms across the country. Tests with 100% sensitivity and specificity are essential features ...
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In addition to the fifty years since the test-and-slaughter program began in Iran and despite a significant reduction in the disease prevalence, positive tuberculosis cases are still being isolated from livestock farms across the country. Tests with 100% sensitivity and specificity are essential features for bovine tuberculosis diagnosis. The relationship between real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) as two essential laboratory methods in the diagnosis of bacterial infections were aimed to evaluate single intradermal comparative tuberculin test (SICTT) results. One hundred thirty-eight cows in two groups were examined: Reactors (108 cows) and clean (as a control group; 30 cows). In the reactor group, 58(54.00%) cows were Mycobacterium bovis positive, 46(43.00%) were Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) positive, and 11(10.00%) were Mycobacterium tuberculosis positive. 32(55.00%) cows were co-infected with M. bovis and MAP and 5(4.55%) cows were co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and MAP in this group. Of 50 M. bovis negative cows of reactor group were 14(28.00%) MAP positive and 36(72.00%) negative, as well. Concurrent infection with all was observed in one reactor case. Comparing IHC and real-time PCR for the detection of bovine tuberculosis and Johne’s disease showed very good agreement (Kappa values 0.81 - 1.00). The results also provided further confirmation on IHC and real-time PCR as a sensitive and reliable diagnostic screening approach for detection of bovine tuberculosis. The use of one laboratory method to detect bovine tuberculosis is not sufficient alone.
Soodeh Alidadi; Hossein Nourani; Toraj Vakili; Morteza Hasanabadi
Volume 13, Issue 2 , June 2022, , Pages 289-292
Abstract
A 14-year-old female Shih Tzu was presented with conjunctivitis, keratitis, an enlarged mass located on the left lower eyelid and a large subcutaneous cyst in the temporal region. The hematological and biochemical analyses revealed no significant issues. The mass and the cyst were taken from the base ...
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A 14-year-old female Shih Tzu was presented with conjunctivitis, keratitis, an enlarged mass located on the left lower eyelid and a large subcutaneous cyst in the temporal region. The hematological and biochemical analyses revealed no significant issues. The mass and the cyst were taken from the base with 1.50 cm of the underlying tissue. On histological examination, the mass was made up of adenoid arrangements of sebocytes and basaloid reserve cells with low to moderate mitotic activity of basaloid cells. In addition, a large number of meibomian ducts with marked infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells and melanin pigment were observed in the ductal part of the tumor. The cyst was lined by a simple cuboid-like epithelium with no eosinophilic cuticular lining. Immuno-histochemical staining of the mass with CK14 showed positive reaction in the neoplastic basaloid reserve cells and adipocytes; but, not with CK18 and vimentin. Unlike, the luminal cells of the cyst were stained with CK18. The co-existence of mixed meibomian gland and ductal adenoma with an apocrine sweat gland cyst was diagnosed based on the clinical, histological and immunohistochemical findings.
Fatemeh Namazi; Aidin Shojaee Tabrizi; Forough Zarei Kordshouli
Volume 11, Issue 3 , September 2020, , Pages 295-297
Abstract
Canine lymphoma is the most common neoplasm of the hematopoietic system with the most frequently diagnosed malignancy. Also, dogs affected by T-cell lymphoma displayed a lower rate of complete chemotherapy response and have a high risk of death in the early stage of the disease. A 5-year-old male mixed ...
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Canine lymphoma is the most common neoplasm of the hematopoietic system with the most frequently diagnosed malignancy. Also, dogs affected by T-cell lymphoma displayed a lower rate of complete chemotherapy response and have a high risk of death in the early stage of the disease. A 5-year-old male mixed dog was presented to the Small Animal Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran with a history of left testicle swelling for four months. The testicle had approximately 13.00×10.00 cm size with a greyish-white cut surface. Histopathologically, the testicular tissue was infiltrated by neoplastic cells as only a few degenerated seminiferous tubules have remained. The neoplastic cells were round to oval with pleomorphic nuclei and single or multiple prominent nucleoli. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positive and negative immunoreactivity for CD3 and CD20, respectively. According to histopathological and immunohistochemical features, the tumor was concluded as a testicular T-cell lymphoma. It seems that recognition of lymphoma type could be helpful for clinicians therapeutic protocols.
Belalmi Nor El Houda; Sid Nassim; Omar Bennoune; Ouhida Soraya; Marcelo De Las Heras; Caroline Leroux
Volume 11, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 93-95
Abstract
We report the occurrence of lung cancer in a six months old lamb of Ouled Djellal breed from Algeria. The main clinical sign was a considerable amount of whitish foamy fluid discharge from the nostrils when the animal head was lowered and the rear end was lifted. The post-mortem examination revealed ...
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We report the occurrence of lung cancer in a six months old lamb of Ouled Djellal breed from Algeria. The main clinical sign was a considerable amount of whitish foamy fluid discharge from the nostrils when the animal head was lowered and the rear end was lifted. The post-mortem examination revealed the presence of enlarged, heavy and edematous lungs with diffuse or foci areas, reddish or white-gray in color. The gross and histological lesions of the lungs were compatible with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Lung adenocarcinoma in sheep is caused by jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and originated from differentiated alveolar type II cells and non-ciliated bronchiolar epithelial Clara cells. We evidenced the expression of the oncogenic JSRV by immunostaining of lung slides with specific antibodies against the JSRV envelope. The viral proteins were expressed only in the tumor cells from the affected areas. As already described in other countries, JSRV-induced lung adenocarcinoma is present in the sheep population in Algeria.
Histology
Saeede Amani; Rasoul Shahrooz; Esmaeil Mortaz; Rahim Hobbenaghi; Rahim Mohammadi; Ali Baradar Khoshfetrat
Volume 10, Issue 1 , March 2019, , Pages 23-30
Abstract
The aim of this study was to find a proper method for improvement of ischemic condition in the rat hind limb and also to observe the efficacy of cell engraftment with alginate/gelatin three-dimensional scaffolds. Eighteen male Wistar rats weighing 200 to 250 g were randomly divided into three groups ...
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The aim of this study was to find a proper method for improvement of ischemic condition in the rat hind limb and also to observe the efficacy of cell engraftment with alginate/gelatin three-dimensional scaffolds. Eighteen male Wistar rats weighing 200 to 250 g were randomly divided into three groups (n = 6) including a) ischemia group; in which femoral artery was removed after ligation at the distance of 5 mm, b) scaffold group; in which hydrogel scaffold was added to the site of transected femoral artery and c) test group; in which in addition to hydrogel scaffold, mast cells (MCs) were also added (1 × 106 cells). Analysis of capillary density, artery diameter, histomorphometric parameters and immunohistochemistry in transected location were done on day 14 after femoral artery transection. The average number of blood capillary was significantly higher in the test group than other groups. Also, the average number of medium and large blood vessels was significantly higher in the test group compared to ischemia and scaffold groups. Application of MCs through the use of hydrogel scaffolds (alginate/gelatin) can be considered as a new approach in the application of stem cells for therapeutic angiogenesis under ischemic conditions which can improve the angiogenesis process in patients with peripheral artery diseases.
Small Animal Internal Medicine
Ghasem Farjanikish; Omid Dezfoulian; Hossein Mohammadi
Volume 9, Issue 3 , September 2018, , Pages 289-292
Abstract
A four-year-old male Persian cat was referred with three weeks history of progressive lameness due to a rigid osseous mass with 3.50×2.50×2.00 cm in dimensions in his left arm. In the histopathological evaluation of bone biopsy, two distinct populations of cells including multinucleated giant ...
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A four-year-old male Persian cat was referred with three weeks history of progressive lameness due to a rigid osseous mass with 3.50×2.50×2.00 cm in dimensions in his left arm. In the histopathological evaluation of bone biopsy, two distinct populations of cells including multinucleated giant cells and oval cells which embedded in a fibro-osseous stroma and surrounded by lamellar bone trabeculae were observed. At necropsy, multiple metastatic nodules with different sizes unveiled in the liver and spleen. Microscopically, those tumor cells which already described in the bone lesion were also infiltrated to the liver and spleen. The neoplastic cells had no immunoreaction to CD68, desmin, alpha smooth muscle actin, S100, CD20, CD3 and pancytokeratin, but only a few cells had reaction to vimentin were similar to fibroblasts.
Pathology
Ghasem Farjanikish; Azizollah Khodakaram-Tafti; Omid Dezfoulian
Volume 8, Issue 3 , September 2017, , Pages 269-273
Abstract
Astrocytoma as one of the most common central nervous system (CNS) tumors is rarely reported in veterinary literature. A 7-year-old Persian Lori-Bakhtiari ewe was presented to the clinic with a two months history of progressive blindness, nystagmus to the right, bilaterally decreased pupillary reflexes, ...
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Astrocytoma as one of the most common central nervous system (CNS) tumors is rarely reported in veterinary literature. A 7-year-old Persian Lori-Bakhtiari ewe was presented to the clinic with a two months history of progressive blindness, nystagmus to the right, bilaterally decreased pupillary reflexes, head pressing and paddling. At necropsy, a whitish well-circumscribed mass with dimensions of 3.50×2.50×1.50 cm was observed in the dorsal parietal lobe of the left cerebral hemisphere. Microscopically, the mass was well-circumscribed and highly cellular, consisted of round to elongated cells with scant and vacuolated cytoplasm with few, flaccid processes. The nuclei were round to oval with densely stippled chromatin and indistinct nucleoli. Immunohistochemical analyses showed positive staining for vimentin, S100 and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Definitive diagnosis of cerebral protoplasmic astrocytoma was made on the basis of the histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. This type of neoplasm should be included in the differential diagnosis of CNS lesions in the sheep.
Small Animal Surgery
Zahra Nikousefat; Mohammad Hashemnia; Moosa Javdani
Volume 7, Issue 1 , March 2016, , Pages 79-83
Abstract
In the present study, we described cyto-histopathological features and immunophenotyping of the large B-cell lymphoma in an 8-year-old mixed breed dog with applying the World Health Organization (WHO) system of classification of canine lymphomas. In fine-needle aspiration (FNA), lymph nodes were involved ...
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In the present study, we described cyto-histopathological features and immunophenotyping of the large B-cell lymphoma in an 8-year-old mixed breed dog with applying the World Health Organization (WHO) system of classification of canine lymphomas. In fine-needle aspiration (FNA), lymph nodes were involved by neoplastic cells of intermediate to large size with deep blue cytoplasm; consist of centroblasts, immunoblast and medium-sized cells. Histopathologically, the follicles and sinuses of lymph nodes were replaced by sheets of numerous immunoblasts (less than 90.0% of total cells) and centroblasts. Numerous mitotic figures were also observed. Immunohistochemical analysis presented that the neoplastic cells express B-cell phenotype CD20 and CD79a, but do not stain for T phenotype CD3. On the basis of cytology, histopathology and immunohistochemical findings, the present tumor was diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, high-grade centroblastic type (DLBCL-CB) according to WHO histological classification. Applying this classification system for diagnosis of canine lymphomas is very useful and has a high accuracy and consistency. However, further co-operative studies between clinicians and pathologists should be performed, in order to improve the effectiveness of this classification.
Fatemeh Namazi; Mohammad Abbaszadeh Hasiri; Ahmad Oryan; Ali Moshiri
Volume 5, Issue 2 , June 2014, , Pages 157-160
Abstract
In the present study, we describe a subcutaneous mass between the left flank and hip in a 2-year-old male Great Dane dog. Histopathologically, cells appeared to be spindle shaped around a central capillary together with a fingerprint pattern. Immunohistochemical analysis presented that the neoplastic ...
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In the present study, we describe a subcutaneous mass between the left flank and hip in a 2-year-old male Great Dane dog. Histopathologically, cells appeared to be spindle shaped around a central capillary together with a fingerprint pattern. Immunohistochemical analysis presented that the neoplastic cells expressed vimentin, but did not stain for S-100 protein. On the basis of histopathology and immunohistochemical findings, the present tumor was diagnosed as canine hemangiopericytoma. Hemangiopericytoma could be considered in differential diagnosis list of any mass in the skin (even in young dogs) and must be identified histopathologically.
Annahita Rezaie; Abbas Tavassoli
Volume 3, Issue 2 , June 2012, , Pages 147-149
Abstract
An 11 year – old mixed female Labrador was presented with two masses in trunk and neck. The tumoral masses were excised and sent for histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Histopathological examination of masses revealed diffuse infiltration of small sized lymphoid cells in subcutaneous ...
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An 11 year – old mixed female Labrador was presented with two masses in trunk and neck. The tumoral masses were excised and sent for histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Histopathological examination of masses revealed diffuse infiltration of small sized lymphoid cells in subcutaneous tissue which were intense around the blood vessels. More than 10% lymphoid cells were CD3 positive in the immunohistochemical staining and most of them were accumulated around vessels. Protein 53 (p53) expression was detected by brown nuclei in immunohistochemical staining. Subcutaneous lymphoma was diagnosed according to histopathological results. After 6 months the case was referred with multicentric lymphoma and based on the owner request euthanasia was performed. These findings emphasize on poor prognosis for tumors with p53 mutation.
Mehdi Behfar; Farshid Sarrafzadeh-Rezaei; Rahim Hobbenaghi; Nowruz Delirezh; Bahram Dalir-Naghadeh
Volume 2, Issue 4 , December 2011, , Pages 248-253
Abstract
Tendon never restores the complete biological and mechanical properties after healing. Bone marrow and recently adipose tissue have been used as the sources of mesenchymal stem cells, which have been proven to enhance tendon healing. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF), derived from adipose tissue by an ...
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Tendon never restores the complete biological and mechanical properties after healing. Bone marrow and recently adipose tissue have been used as the sources of mesenchymal stem cells, which have been proven to enhance tendon healing. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF), derived from adipose tissue by an enzymatic digestion, represents an alternative source of multipotent cells, which undergo differentiation into multiple lineages to be used in regenerative medicine. In the present study, we investigated potentials of this source on tendon healing. Twenty rabbits were divided into control and treatment groups. Five rabbits were used as donors of adipose tissue. The injury model was unilateral complete transection through the middle one third of deep digital flexor tendon. Immediately after suture repair, either fresh stromal vascular fraction from enzymatic digestion of adipose tissue or placebo was intratendinously injected into the suture site in treatments and controls, respectively. Cast immobilization was continued for two weeks after surgery. Animals were sacrificed at the third week and tendons underwent histological, immunohistochemical, and mechanical evaluations. By histology, improved fibrillar organization and remodeling of neotendon were observed in treatment group. Immunohistochemistry revealed an insignificant increase in collagen type III and I expression in treatments over controls. Mechanical testing showed significant increase in maximum load and energy absorption in SVF treated tendons. The present study showed that intratendinous injection of uncultured adipose derived stromal vascular fraction improved structural and mechanical properties of repaired tendon and it could be an effective modality for treating tendon laceration.
