Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 12 4 2021 12 15 Babesia canis caused clinical babesiosis in a female Shih Tzu dog 519 522 246167 10.30466/vrf.2021.141471.3113 EN Vahid Fathipour Private Veterinary Clinical Pathologist, Tehran, Iran Bijan Esmaeilnejad Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Gholamreza Habibi Department of Parasite Vaccine Research and Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran Asghar Afshari Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Department of Parasite Vaccine Research and Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran Mousa Tavassoli Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Siyamak Asri-Rezaei Dept of Internal diseases and clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. 0000-0002-3981-3290 Mahmood Mollazadeh Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Sepideh Rajabi Private Veterinary Practitioner, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2020 11 25 A 2-year-old female Shih Tzu dog was submitted with the history of anorexia and depression for one week and no prior surgery. Fever and pale mucosa were noticed in physical examination. Microscopic examination of the Giemsa-stained blood smear disclosed large form of <em>Babesia</em> and single to four pear-shaped merozoites within erythrocytes (RBCs). Regenerative anemia characterized by a marked reticulocytosis, significant intra-vascular hemolysis, nucleated RBCs, left-shifted neutrophils, thrombocytopenia, azotemia, high serum creatinine and urea concentrations were recorded following hemato-biochemical analysis. Abundant bilirubin crystals and abnormal reddish color after centrifugation were observed in urinalysis. Molecular analysis was performed using specific primers for detection of <em>Babesia canis. </em>Diminazene aceturate, ciprofloxacin, ivermectin and phosphorus-vitamin B12 were prescribed and the clinical signs improved after four days. Two months follow-up showed no recurrence. Such studies would significantly contribute to the development of appropriate preventive strategies and successful treatment. This communication reports a clinical case of canine babesiosis caused by <em>B. canis</em> in a female Shih Tzu dog. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_246167_3b777b3c975f1b9fe752261c047814ff.pdf