Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 17 4 2026 04 01 Laboratory evaluation of the toxicity of selenium and gold nanoparticles against the housefly (Musca domestica) 281 285 736171 10.30466/vrf.2025.2050760.4631 EN Maryam Keyghobadi Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Mousa Tavassoli Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran 0000-0002-0169-6041 Bijan Esmaeilnejad Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Farnaz Malekifard Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Rahim Molaie Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Journal Article 2025 01 15 Selenium (Se) and gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) possess unique properties such as high absorption ability, low toxicity and minimal environmental persistence. These properties, combined with demonstrated anti-parasitic effects against certain parasites, suggest their potential as candidate for house fly control. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Se and AuNPs in controlling house flies. We investigated the insecticidal effect of Se and AuNPson Musca domestica using a dipping method. Several concentrations (20.00, 60.00, 100, 400, and 1,000 ppm) were prepared using deionized water. Fifteen larvae per concentration were tested, with each test repeated three times. The larvae were dipped in the NP solutions for 30, 60 and 90 sec in 10.00 mL of the tested concentrations. Distilled water was used for the control group. Larval mortality was recorded 24 hr post-treatment. No mortality was observed in house fly larvae 24 hr after exposure to different concentrations of Se and AuNPs, regardless of the incubation time. Thus, Se and AuNPs showed no insecticidal effect on house fly larvae. In conclusion, Se and AuNPs cannot be used to control house flies. Due to the issues associated with chemical control, it is crucial to search for alternative pesticides. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_736171_cac7e234f382ae92b259fd66b5134e55.pdf