Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 01 Tongue structure in the long-eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus): A scanning electron microscopic study 205 209 32078 10.30466/vrf.2018.32078 EN Ali Parchami Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran Mahdi Salimi Graduate Student of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran Mehrdad Khosravi DVSc Graduated of Avian Diseases, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 The aim of this study was to investigate the dorsal surface of the long-eared hedgehog tongue using scanning electron microscopy. The tongue of the long-eared hedgehog is rectangular-shaped with an elongated body and a widened root and a marked deep median groove can be seen on its dorsal surface. A characteristic feature of the lingual root is presence of two huge laterally situated folds. These anatomical structures have never been described with regard to other small mammals studied so far. According to their anatomical appearances, the lingual papillae can be distinguished as filiform, conical, fungiform, circumvallate and foliate papillae. The filiform papillae covering the body of the tongue are longer and wider than those on its apex and have an apparent fork-like appearance. Fungiform papillae are evenly distributed on the dorsal surface of the apex and body of the tongue. The triangular area of the lingual root contains small caudally directed conical papillae with single processes. Foliate papillae are situated on both lateral surfaces of the lingual root medial to the huge lateral lingual folds as three large obliquely situated parallel folds. There are three circumvallate papillae, two of which are obliquely situated on both sides of the rostral part of the lingual root, while the third one is situated in the midline of the caudal part of the lingual root. The results show that the tongue structure of the long-eared hedgehog is more complex in comparison with other mammals which is related to its phylogeny and feeding habits. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32078_b5ab90fa9773176f49e9e5c51fbfac9f.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 01 ECOR phylotyping and determination of virulence genes in Escherichia coli isolates from pathological conditions of broiler chickens in poultry slaughter-houses of southeast of Iran 211 216 30827 10.30466/vrf.2018.30827 EN Akbar Asadi Department of Microbiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Taghi Zahraei Salehi Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Mahmoud Jamshidian Department of Microbiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Reza Ghanbarpour Molecular Microbiology Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran Journal Article 2018 04 18 Avian pathogenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> (APEC) are responsible for wide ranges of extra-intestinal diseases in poultry including colibacillosis, cellulitis, coligranuloma and yolk sac infection. Numbers of virulence are considered important in the pathogenicity of these diseases. The aims of the present study were phylogenetic typing and virulence genes detection in <em>Escherichia coli </em>isolates from colibacillosis and cellulitis of broiler chickens in poultry slaughterhouses of Shahrbabak region, Kerman, Iran. A total number of eighty three <em>E. coli </em>isolates were taken from broiler chickens with colibacillosis and thirty four isolates were taken from carcasses with cellulitis in the industrial slaughterhouses. Biochemically confirmed <em>E. coli </em>isolates were subjected to polymerase chain reaction assay to determine phylogenetic groups and presence of <em>pap C</em>, <em>sfa/focDE</em>, <em>iucD</em>, <em>afaIB-C</em>, <em>hlyA</em>, <em>fimH</em> and <em>crl</em> virulence genes. Colibacillosis isolates were belonged to A (54.21%), B1 (7.22%), B2 (6.03%) and D (32.53%) phylogroups. Whereas, the isolates from cellulitis cases were belonged to three main phylogroups; A (55.88%), B1 (5.88%) and D (38.24%). Statistical analysis showed a specific association between the presence of <em>crl</em> virulence gene and phylogroups of A and D in colibacillosis isolates. The results showed that the isolates from both diseases in broiler chickens could be assigned to various phylogenetic groups (mainly A(. Also, the virulence genes profile of cellulitis <em>E. coli</em> is completely different from that of colibacillosis in this region. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_30827_5830e88a77c3b198718278402df5f82b.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 01 Comparative study of the protective effects of chicken embryo amniotic fluid, vitamin C and coenzyme Q10 on cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in mice ovaries 217 224 32085 10.30466/vrf.2018.32085 EN Alireza Kabirian Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Rooz Ali Batavani Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Siamak Asri-Rezaei Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran 0000-0002-3981-3290 Ali Soleimanzadeh Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 Cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapy drug for the treatment of cancer. Chicken embryo amniotic fluid, vitamin C and coenzyme Q10 have anti-oxidant properties. Total of 70 adult female mice were selected and divided into seven groups. The first group that received 2 ml kg^-1 of inactivated amniotic fluid subcutaneously. The second group treated with 75 mg kg^-1of cyclophosphamide by intraperitoneal injection. Third to fifth groups received 1, 2, and 4 ml kg^-1 of chicken embryo amniotic fluid, respectively. The sixth group received vitamin C at a dose of 0.2 mg g^-1 of body weight by oral gavages. Seventh group received 10 mg kg^-1 coenzyme Q10 intraperitoneally. All cyclophosphamide treated groups (3-7) received 75 mg kg^-1 of cyclophosphamide intraperitoneal on day 22. The mice were euthanized on day 29 and ovarian tissue antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated. Activities of above mentioned enzymes in treatment groups (3-7) was significantly higher than patient control group (2). The results also revealed that MDA levels were higher in the control group in comparison to other treatment groups. Therefore, it is concluded that the chick embryo amniotic fluid and coenzyme Q10 can compete with compounds like vitamin C in increasing the anti-oxidant level in ovarian tissue. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32085_91be2a74dce26a87ba9f8ce13564234a.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 15 Chemical disbudding of goat kids with subcutaneous administration of synthetic eugenol: Histopathology and morphometry 225 230 32084 10.30466/vrf.2018.32084 EN Mohammad Farajli Abbasi Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran Mohammad Mahdi Molaei Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran 0009-0002-8062-8924 Reza Kheirandish Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran Ali Mostafavi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of subcutaneous administration of synthetic eugenol (EG) for disbudding of goat kids, as a new chemical method. Thirty apparently healthy Raieni (Cashmere) goat kids (five-day-old) were divided randomly into six groups (n = 5). In the pathology (P) groups (P₃, P₈ and P₆₀ according to the sample collection day after injection) an amount of 0.10 mL of EG was subcutaneously administrated in both horn buds. In the disbudding 1 and 2 (DB₁, DB₂) groups, 0.10 mL of EG, and in the control (C) group 0.10 mL normal saline was subcutaneously injected in the right horn buds, respectively. Eugenol injection in DB₂ group was done in twelve-day-old goat kids. The left horn buds of DB₁, DB₂ and C groups were considered as control of horn outgrowing. The horn buds, kidneys, liver, lung, brain and heart, tissue specimens were collected from P₃ and P₈ groups, and bud skin samples were collected from P₆₀group. The results showed that the EG was able to stop the horn growth in the first week of goat life. There was no significant difference between left and right horn size in the C group. Histopathological study revealed complete necrosis of bud tissue in dermal and epidermal layers, in P₃ animals. Healing and re-epithelialization were seen in the samples taken from P₈group. Subcutaneous injection of the synthetic EG can be considered as a new method for goat kids disbudding. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32084_0f0671779c244dbf8ee04425ad06a093.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 15 Royal jelly protects male mice against nicotine-induced reproductive failure 231 238 32088 10.30466/vrf.2018.32088 EN Farnam Azad Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Vahid Nejati Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Ali Shalizar-Jalali Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Gholamreza Najafi Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Fatemeh Rahmani Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 This study evaluated the possible protective effect of royal jelly (RJ) on sperm parameters and sperm malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and <em>in vitro</em> fertilizing potential in nicotine (NIC) exposed male mice. Thrtiy-six male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups (n = 6). Group 1 received normal saline, group 2 received 100 mg kg^-1 per day RJ, groups 3 and 4 received NIC at doses of 0.50 and 1.00 mg kg^-1 per day, respectively and groups 5 and 6 received NIC at doses of 0.50 and 1.00 mg kg^-1 per day, respectively plus RJ. Caudal epididymal sperm characteristics, lipid peroxidation and<em> in vitro</em> fertilizing capacity and embryo development were evaluated after 35 days. The NIC treatment caused a significant decrease in sperm motility and viability and fertilization rate along with poor blastocyst formation and increased sperm DNA damage and MDA levels. Moreover, the incidences of chromatin abnormality in spermatozoa were significantly higher in NIC-exposed mice than those of control. Nevertheless, RJ treatment improved sperm parameters and <em>in vitro</em> fertilization outcome as well as sperm lipid peroxidation level. Data from the current study suggest that RJ has a potential repro-protective action against NIC-induced sperm abnormalities and embryotoxicity in mice. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32088_aa773e29eef2a5c30b84d36435f99094.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 15 Evaluation of intravitreal injection of pentoxifylline in experimental endotoxin-induced uveitis in rabbits 239 244 32083 10.30466/vrf.2018.32083 EN Mohammad Reza Khalili Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Amin Hossein Amini Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Mohammad Abbaszadeh Hasiri Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Effat Baghaei Moghaddam Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Masoomeh Eghtedari Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mohammad Azizzadeh Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Mousa Zare Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Masood Yasemi Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 The objective of the present study was to investigate the clinical and histopathological effects of intravitreal injection of pentoxifylline (PTX) the management of an experimental model of uveitis. Fifty-two rabbits were divided randomly into six intravitreal treated groups as below: 1) Balanced salt solution (BSS), 2) <em>Salmonella typhimurium </em>lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (LPS) + BSS, 3) LPS + PTX 100 μg, 4) LPS + PTX 500 μg, 5) BSS + PTX 100 μg and 6) BSS + PTX 500 μg. Inflammation was evaluated by clinical examinations using slit lamp on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 post injections and histopathological examinations were also performed at the end of the study. Clinical examinations demonstrated a statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 on day 5 and day 7. Moreover, the comparison of clinical severity scores of group 1 with groups 3, 4, 5 and 6, on third, fifth and seventh post-injection days showed statistically significant differences. The mean histopathological inflammation intensity score in groups 5 and 6 was significantly higher than group 1. The mean histopathological inflammation intensity score in groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 was significantly higher than group 2. Intravitreal injection of PTX in an experimental model of uveitis in rabbits not only does not reduce inflammation but also leads to inflammation when used alone or in combination with LPS. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32083_d34250a7e859a05bb6a18edcc70564d8.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 15 Effects of feeding with broiler litter in pellet-form diet on Qizil fattening lambs’ performance, nutrient digestibility, blood metabolites and husbandry economics 245 251 32081 10.30466/vrf.2018.32081 EN Mohammad Reza Rahimi Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Younes Alijoo Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Rasoul Pirmohammadi Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Masoud Alimirzaei Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 The aim of this study was to evaluate the feeding of Qizil fattening lambs with different levels of broiler litter (BL) on their weight gain, dry matter intake (DMI), nutrient digestibility, selected blood metabolites and husbandry economics. During an eight-weeks experimental period, 28 male lambs (an average of 42.21 ± 5.63 kg and ages of 7-8 months) were allocated randomly to one of four dietary treatments, including; control diet with no litter (NL, n = 7), diet containing 5% BL (LL, n = 7), diet with 10% BL (ML, n = 7) and diet containing 15.00% BL (HL, n = 7) as dry matter (DM) basis. The lambs were kept in individual pens and had free access to feed and water (<em>ad libitum</em>) throughout the study. In this research, DMI and feed conversion ratio were not influenced significantly by the dietary treatments, while average daily gain (ADG) was found to be significant. The lambs which consumed LL diet (5.00% BL) had the greatest ADG. The DM digestibility significantly influenced by dietary treatments, as the HL diet (15.00% BL) had the least DM digestibility. There were also significant differences in the crude protein and acid detergent fiber digestibility among the treatments. Blood urea nitrogen and glucose levels were significantly affected by the treatments. Low litter treatment had the least FCR and the highest economical advantage. In conclusion, feeding male Qizil lambs with BL can reduce production cost without any negative effects on performance. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32081_c3a83e015935188821aa9ee65e6b322f.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 15 Goat paratuberculosis in Shiraz: Histopathological and molecular approaches 253 257 32080 10.30466/vrf.2018.32080 EN Abdollah Derakhshandeh Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Fatemeh Namazi Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Elmira Khatamsaz DVM Graduate, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Vida Eraghi Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Zahra Hemati Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 In the present study, <em>Mycobacterium avium </em>subsp<em>. paratuberculosis </em>(MAP) was investigated in goats slaughtered in Shiraz abattoir using histopathological examinations and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Ilium and mesenteric lymph node samples from 66 suspected goat carcasses to Johne’s disease were collected. Among 66 examined slaughtered goats, nine (13.63%) goats were positive for MAP in both histopathological and PCR examinations. Eight goats were positive in PCR method while no lesion related to Johne’s disease was observed in their histopathological sections. All positive goats in histopathological examination were also positive in PCR. Based on the results of PCR, the detection rate of MAP in Shiraz abattoir was 25.80% (17 goats). According to the present findings, although both histopathological and PCR methods are appropriate for detecting Johne’s disease, PCR is more sensitive than histopathological examination. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32080_34547f7d214265ed715e40b7e2866272.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 15 Distribution of Nosema Spp. in climatic regions of Iran 259 263 32082 10.30466/vrf.2018.32082 EN Baharak Mohammadian Department of Animal Science Research, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, (AREEO), Sanandaj, Iran Saied Bokaie Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 0000-0003-3505-0270 Mojtaba Moharrami Department of Honeybee, Silk Worm and wildlife Diseases, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran Sedighe Nabian Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Forsi Directorate of Health and Control of Bird, Honeybee and Silk Worm, Veterinary Organization, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 <strong>‎</strong>Nosemosis is one of the most prevalent bee diseases in the world causing significant ‎economic losses in the global bee-keeping industry. This cross-sectional study was conducted during April-September, 2016 to investigate the prevalence of nosemosis in different climatic regions of Iran. A total of 183 ‎apiaries were selected based on cluster sampling and the climate of apiaries under study was classified using Domarten method. In each apiary, five percent of the colonies were ‎ randomly sampled. A total of 183 adult bee samples were taken and examined by microscopic and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for the presence of <em>Nosema</em> infections. According to the results, infection caused by <em>Nosema ceranae</em> was observed in all regions under study. The prevalence of <em>N. ceranae</em> was 46.40% (42.70–50.10). However, infection with <em>Nosema apis</em> was not observed in the samples in either pure form or as ‎associated infection. Based on the results of PCR, the prevalenceof<em> N. ceranae</em> was ‎53.80% (46.60– 61.00) ‎ in ‎humid, ‎71.00% (53.70–77.50) ‎ in semi-humid‎, ‎68.10% (61.40–74.80) ‎ in very humid, ‎29.40% (22.70–36.10) in arid, ‎34.30% (27.40–41.20) in semi-‎arid and ‎24.00% (17.90–30.00)‎ in Mediterranean climates. The prevalence of ‎infection in different climatic zones of the country was found to have significant ‎differences (<em>p</em> < 0.001). ‎ According to the findings, <em>N. ceranae</em> ‎ was the only <em>Nosema</em> species in honeybees with a broad geographical dispersion in Iran. It seems that climate can influence the prevalence of mentioned parasite. ‎ https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32082_8ea38887f092b8d42ab30baf36bc70e5.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 15 Ameliorative effect of Allium sativum extract on busulfan-induced oxidative stress in mice sperm 265 271 32079 10.30466/vrf.2018.32079 EN Ali Soleimanzadeh Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran 0000-0002-1591-2198 Leila Mohammadnejad Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Abbas Ahmadi Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 Busulfan is known to cause several adverse effects including reproductive toxicity in humans. Garlic <em>(Allium sativum)</em>, a widely distributed medicinal plant, is highly regarded for its medicinal activities including antioxidant property.This study was conducted to assess whether garlic extract could serve as protective agents against testicular toxicity during busulfan treatment in a mice model.Seventy-two adult male mice were randomly divided into nine groups. In groups 1,2 and 3, distilled water, busulfan, and dimethyl sulfoxide and in the treatment groups hydro-alcoholic extract of garlic was administered orally at different doses per day (groups 4, 5 and 6; 200, 400, 800 mg kg^-1respectively). Groups 7, 8 and 9 were treated with the extract (200, 400 and 800 mg kg^-1, respectively) plus busulfan. Following euthanasia, blood samples and epididymal sperm were collected.The busulfan-treated group showed significant decreases in sperm qualityparameters, and serum levels of testosterone, LH and FSH was observed in the busulfan-treated mice. In addition, the TAC levels and antioxidant enzymes activities were reduced and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased in the busulfan-treated mice. Notably, garlic extract co-administration caused a considerable recovery in sperm qualityparameters, TAC levels, antioxidant enzymes activities, hormonal changes and MDA level. Based on our results, garlic has antioxidant effects against busulfan-induced testicular damages in mice. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32079_3d61b1986be3ad573facc7b43a602178.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 15 Molecular detection of Nosema ceranae in the apiaries of Kurdistan province, Iran 273 278 32086 10.30466/vrf.2018.32086 EN Mohammad Khezri Department of Veterinary Research, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Sanandaj, Iran Mojtaba Moharrami Department of Honey Bee, Silk Worm and Wildlife Research Diseases, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, AREEO, Karaj, Iran Hossain Modirrousta Department of Honey Bee, Silk Worm and Wildlife Research Diseases, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, AREEO, Karaj, Iran Maryam Torkaman Department of Honey Bee, Silk Worm and Wildlife Research Diseases, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, AREEO, Karaj, Iran Saleh Salehi Department of Veterinary Research, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Sanandaj, Iran Babak Rokhzad Department of Veterinary Research, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Sanandaj, Iran Homan Khanbabai Department of Veterinary Research, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Sanandaj, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 Nosema disease is one of the most important diseases of adult honey bees worldwide. It is known as silent killer because there are no characteristic symptoms. The aim of the present study was to determine prevalence of <em>Nosema</em> species in various towns of Kurdistan province in Iran. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (multiplex-PCR) was performed for identification of <em>Nosema</em> species infecting European honeybee, <em>Apis mellifera</em>. A total of 100 samples were collected from apiaries (870 hives) in 10 counties of Kurdistan province, located in the west of Iran. Samples were examined using light microscope and PCR. The light microscope was used to determine the presence of <em>Nosema</em> spores in all of the collected samples. Multiplex-PCR based on 16S ribosomal RNA was used to differentiate <em>N. apis </em>from <em>N. ceranae</em>. Overall prevalence of the microscopic evaluation and PCR method were 29.00% and 32.00%, respectively. The analysis of Nosema isolates from interrogation of DNA databank entries of Kurdistan apiaries (based on rRNA sequence data) indicated that only <em>N. ceranae </em>was widespread in these apiaries, and it had already been found in high percentages (50.00%) in Marivan and Kamiaran counties of Kurdistan province. It was shown that only <em>N. ceranae</em> was found by PCR assay in the region. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32086_b57909e1dc7b22ff683a5a23dc239683.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 15 Molecular detection and phylogenetic properties of isolated infectious bronchitis viruses from broilers in Ahvaz, southwest Iran, based on partial sequences of spike gene 279 283 32089 10.30466/vrf.2018.32089 EN Zahra Boroomand Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran Ramezan Ali Jafari Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran Mansour Mayahi Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious disease involving mostly upper respiratory tract in chickens, leading to significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. One of the major concerns regarding to IB is the emergence of new types of infectious bronchitis viruses (IBVs). The purpose of this study was to identify the IBVs isolated from Iranian broiler chickens with respiratory symptoms. Twenty-five broiler flocks around Ahwaz (southwest of Iran) were examined for IBV. The specimens including trachea, lung, liver, kidney, and ceacal tonsil, were collected from diseased birds and inoculated into chicken embryonated eggs. Harvested allantoic fluids were subjected to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using primers in order to amplify spike 1 (S1) gene of IBV. The RT-PCR products of four IBV isolates were sequenced. The results showed that from 25 examined flocks with respiratory disease, 12 flocks (48.00%) were positive for IBV. In phylogenetic analysis, our isolates were closely related to the QX-like viruses such as PCRLab/06/2012 (Iran), QX, HC9, HC10, CK/CH/GX/NN11-1, CK/CH/JS/YC11-1, CK/CH/JS/2010/13, CK/CH/JS/2011/2 (China), QX/SGK-21, QX/SGK-11 (Iraq) with nucleotide homology up to 99.00%. This study indicates the role of IBVs in the respiratory disorders of broiler flocks located in southwest Iran, and also the existence of a variant of IBV, which is distinguishable from the other Iranian variants. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32089_e8792705b5cea2f03388f86885f645a3.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 15 Multicentric lymphoma in a Rottweiler dog with bilateral ocular involvement: A case report 285 288 32090 10.30466/vrf.2018.32090 EN Hamed Mansour Lakooraj Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Mahmood Ahmadi-hamedani Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran 0000-0002-8281-3720 Omid Dezfoulian Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran 0000-0002-1162-9248 Masoud Selk Ghaffari Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 A 10-year-old, male Rottweilerdog was presented to Small Animal Hospital of Tehran University with a history of lethargy, anorexia, weight loss, vomiting, polyuria, polydipsia and blindness. The dog showed symptoms of depression, high body temperature (39.2 ˚C), tachypnea (40 breaths min^-1) and cachexia. In ophthalmic examination, bilateral hyphema (hemmorrahge in anterior chamber of the eye) and blindness were detected. The pulse of the animal was normal (90 beats min^-1) and obvious general lymphadenopathy was determined. Lymph nodes were firm, freely movable, and painless on palpation. Initial differential diagnosis of lymphoma included lymphoma, metastatic neoplasia, lymphoid hyperplasia, and lymphadenitis. In hematology and cytology tests, this case was suspected to lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining of neoplastic lymph node revealed that nearly 20.00 – 25.00% of neoplastic cells were strongly positive for anti CD3, whereas they were negative for both CD20 and CD79a. According to the microscopic and immunohistochemical findings, a diagnosis of T cell lymphoma was made. The present report is the first case of multicentric lymphoma with ocular metastasis in a dog in Iran. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32090_1f710d07916bb3151c453c764cfaf1ca.pdf

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University Veterinary Research Forum 2008-8140 9 3 2018 09 15 Metastatic giant cell osteosarcoma in a cat 289 292 32087 10.30466/vrf.2018.32087 EN Ghasem Farjanikish Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran 0000-0002-3060-6439 Omid Dezfoulian Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran 0000-0002-1162-9248 Hossein Mohammadi Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran Journal Article 2018 08 15 A four-year-old male Persian cat was referred with three weeks history of progressive lameness due to a rigid osseous mass with 3.50×2.50×2.00 cm in dimensions in his left arm. In the histopathological evaluation of bone biopsy, two distinct populations of cells including multinucleated giant cells and oval cells which embedded in a fibro-osseous stroma and surrounded by lamellar bone trabeculae were observed. At necropsy, multiple metastatic nodules with different sizes unveiled in the liver and spleen. Microscopically, those tumor cells which already described in the bone lesion were also infiltrated to the liver and spleen. The neoplastic cells had no immunoreaction to CD68, desmin, alpha smooth muscle actin, S100, CD20, CD3 and pancytokeratin, but only a few cells had reaction to vimentin were similar to fibroblasts. https://vrf.iranjournals.ir/article_32087_b7da6c184018c1c085e1e025ba678014.pdf