Epidemiology
Baharak Mohammadian; Saied Bokaie; Mojtaba Moharrami; Sedighe Nabian; Mohammad Forsi
Volume 9, Issue 3 , September 2018, , Pages 259-263
Abstract
Nosemosis is one of the most prevalent bee diseases in the world causing significant economic losses in the global bee-keeping industry. This cross-sectional study was conducted during April-September, 2016 to investigate the prevalence of nosemosis in different climatic regions of Iran. A ...
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Nosemosis is one of the most prevalent bee diseases in the world causing significant economic losses in the global bee-keeping industry. This cross-sectional study was conducted during April-September, 2016 to investigate the prevalence of nosemosis in different climatic regions of Iran. A total of 183 apiaries were selected based on cluster sampling and the climate of apiaries under study was classified using Domarten method. In each apiary, five percent of the colonies were randomly sampled. A total of 183 adult bee samples were taken and examined by microscopic and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for the presence of Nosema infections. According to the results, infection caused by Nosema ceranae was observed in all regions under study. The prevalence of N. ceranae was 46.40% (42.70–50.10). However, infection with Nosema apis was not observed in the samples in either pure form or as associated infection. Based on the results of PCR, the prevalenceof N. ceranae was 53.80% (46.60– 61.00) in humid, 71.00% (53.70–77.50) in semi-humid, 68.10% (61.40–74.80) in very humid, 29.40% (22.70–36.10) in arid, 34.30% (27.40–41.20) in semi-arid and 24.00% (17.90–30.00) in Mediterranean climates. The prevalence of infection in different climatic zones of the country was found to have significant differences (p < 0.001). According to the findings, N. ceranae was the only Nosema species in honeybees with a broad geographical dispersion in Iran. It seems that climate can influence the prevalence of mentioned parasite.
Genetic
Mohammadreza Ghorani; Arash Ghalyanchi Langeroudi; Omid Madadgar; Mohammadreza Rezapanah; Sedigheh Nabian; Reza Khaltabadi Farahani; Hossein Maghsoudloo; Mohammad Forsi; Hamed Abdollahi; Hesameddin Akbarein
Volume 8, Issue 4 , December 2017, , Pages 287-292
Abstract
Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) is an unclassified polymorphic single-stranded RNA virus. Among the viruses infecting honeybees, CBPV is known to induce significant losses in honeybee colonies. In this study, a total number of eighty-nine suspected apiaries from four regions of Iran (including Mazandaran, ...
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Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) is an unclassified polymorphic single-stranded RNA virus. Among the viruses infecting honeybees, CBPV is known to induce significant losses in honeybee colonies. In this study, a total number of eighty-nine suspected apiaries from four regions of Iran (including Mazandaran, Khorasan Razavi, Hormozgan, and Kurdistan) were sampled and submitted for molecular identification. Three positive samples were detected by RT-PCR. All positive samples were confirmed by sequencing. The phylogenetic tree which displays the molecular relationship between the viruses of different Iranian geographic regions and references isolates was constructed. The Iranian isolates formed two distinct phylogenetic groups (Group 1 and Group 2). The IR-CPV-GMG-1, IR-CPV-GMG-2, IR-CPV-GMG-4, and IR-CPV-GMG-6 formed Group 1 and IR-CPV-GMG-3, IR-CPV-GMG-5, and IR-CPV-GMG-7 were in Group 2 as a distinct group. Iranian isolates in group 1 were similar to European and East Asian CBPVs. This research was the first phylogenetic analysis of CBPV in Iran. Further researches are needed to study the other aspects of this virus-like genetic characteristics and pathogenesis in Iran.
Microbiology
Mohammad Farouq Sharifpour; Karim Mardani; Abdulghaffar Ownagh
Volume 7, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 287-294
Abstract
Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and phylogenetic analysis were used for molecular identification of lactic acid bacteria (LABs) isolated from Apis mellifera. Eighteen honeybee workers were collected from three different apiaries in West Azerbaijan. LABs ...
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Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and phylogenetic analysis were used for molecular identification of lactic acid bacteria (LABs) isolated from Apis mellifera. Eighteen honeybee workers were collected from three different apiaries in West Azerbaijan. LABs from the gut of honeybees were isolated and cultured using routine biochemical procedures. Genomic DNA was extracted from LABs and a fragment of 1540 bp in size of 16S rRNA gene was amplified. PCR products were digested using HinfI endonuclease and digested products with different RFLP patterns were subjected to nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The results revealed that Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria spp. are were the most abundant LABs in honeybee gut. Phylogenetic analysis showed that both Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were closely clustered with high similarity percentage with the same bacteria isolated from honeybees’ gut elsewhere. It was concluded that LABs isolated from honeybees had low sequence divergence in comparison with LABs isolated from other sources such as dairy products.
