Poultry
Shahla Shahsavandi; Mohammad Majid Ebrahimi; Ali Nazari; Iraj Khalili
Volume 15, Issue 1 , January 2024, , Pages 49-55
Abstract
Purification is an important step in the production of viral vaccines that strongly affects product recovery and subsequent immune responses. The present study was carried out with the aim of improving the purification of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) by the tangential flow filtration (TFF) ...
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Purification is an important step in the production of viral vaccines that strongly affects product recovery and subsequent immune responses. The present study was carried out with the aim of improving the purification of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) by the tangential flow filtration (TFF) method. Then, the effect of the purified virus on the induction of immune responses against IBDV in specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens was investigated. The IBD07IR strain was propagated in embryonated SPF eggs. The virus was purified using a 100 kDa cassette. The quality of the recovered viruses was evaluated by titration. A total number of 60 SPF chickens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20) and received the concentrated viral antigen, commercial live IBDV vaccine and phosphate-buffered saline at the age of 3 weeks by eye drop method. The bursa of Fabricius was examined histopathologically for possible changes. Sera were collected at 1-week intervals from day 0 until the end of 6 weeks after vaccination. The IBDV-specific antibody levels, induction of cell-mediated immunity and mRNA expression levels of cytokines were evaluated. The results showed that despite a relative raise in virus titer from 7.66 to 8.17 embryo infectious dose (EID)50 mL-1 following purification, both the purified IBDV and commercial vaccine are able to induce strong immune responses against the virus. Within a context of egg-based IBDV vaccine production, a single-step TFF can be applied for the relatively purification. This platform requires a further study in the selection of multiple membranes to optimize the operating conditions and final product.
Mostafa Abdollahi; Samad Lotfollahzadeh; Mohammad Hossein Nazem Shirazi; Sara Shokrpoor; Farhad Moosakhani; Minoo Partovi Nasr
Volume 14, Issue 2 , February 2023, , Pages 109-112
Abstract
Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp) is the etiological agent of caprine contagious pleuropneumonia (CCPP) disease. The CCPP is one of the most severe diseases of goats. A herd of 2,000 goats located in the countryside of Tehran city, Iran, was examined for the study in August 2021. ...
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Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp) is the etiological agent of caprine contagious pleuropneumonia (CCPP) disease. The CCPP is one of the most severe diseases of goats. A herd of 2,000 goats located in the countryside of Tehran city, Iran, was examined for the study in August 2021. In history taking, observation, inspection and clinical examination, high case fatality rate (46.00%) due to respiratory distress and high morbidity of pleuropneumonia (15.00%) syndrome were recorded. Accordingly, ten carcasses of goats were dissected. The epidemiological pattern of the disease, clinical examination findings and the signs of necropsy of dead patients were suspected to CCPP. Four lung samples of necropsied goats were sent to the laboratory for PCR test and in all of them, Mccp was detected and CCPP was also confirmed. The disease was controlled by two measures: (a) the whole herd was first treated with antibiotics (florfenicol and tylosin) and (b) then the Pulmovac-In vaccine was then administered. This study is the first documented report of CCPP occurrence caused by Mccp in Iran and shows the importance of availability of effective vaccines to control and prevention of CCPP.
Vasileios Papatsiros; Georgios Papakonstantinou; Eleftherios Meletis; Dimitra Bitchava; Polychronis Kostoulas
Volume 14, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 13-19
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) double vaccination in weaning piglets reared for gilts under field conditions. The study was conducted at a Greek farrow-to-finish conventional pig farm with a previous history of PCV2 infections. The ...
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The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) double vaccination in weaning piglets reared for gilts under field conditions. The study was conducted at a Greek farrow-to-finish conventional pig farm with a previous history of PCV2 infections. The trial included 96 female piglets at 21 days of age, which were equally allocated to two different study groups. Piglets of the group-1 received a single PCV2 vaccination at 21 days of age, while piglets of the group-2 were double vaccinated against PCV2, at 21 and 42 days of age. The results indicated that the piglets of group-2 had better growth performance, as they showed higher body weight (BW) and average daily weight gain (ADWG). In addition, ELISA tests showed that the double- vaccinated piglets presented a better humoral response against PCV2, as higher levels of IgG antibodies were detected in them than the piglets of the group-1. In conclusion, the current results suggested that a double PCV2 vaccination of piglets, reared for gilts, on a PCV2-affected farm could lead to higher protection against the virus.
Zahra Asadollahi; Sedigheh Nabian; Mohammad Taheri; Elaheh Ebrahimzadeh
Volume 12, Issue 4 , December 2021, , Pages 445-450
Abstract
Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) spp. are important vectors for Babesia and Anaplasma species causing severe economic losses in livestock. Chemical compounds are commonly used to control tick infestation; however, acaricides resistance in tick has led to move toward alternative strategies such as vaccination. ...
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Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) spp. are important vectors for Babesia and Anaplasma species causing severe economic losses in livestock. Chemical compounds are commonly used to control tick infestation; however, acaricides resistance in tick has led to move toward alternative strategies such as vaccination. In this study, we introduced a vaccine candidate, namely CaTro against Rh. microplus tick composing of immunogenic B-cell epitopes derived from Rh. microplus cathepsin L and tropomyosin proteins. To evaluate this vaccine candidate, firstly the CaTro sequence was inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector and the recombinant protein CaTro was expressed in Bl21 bacteria. Afterward, purification was performed by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The quality of purified recombinant CaTro was also analyzed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis and western blotting. Moreover, to evaluate the induction of immune response, the rabbits were immunized with purified recombinant protein combined with Freund’s adjuvant. The findings of this study revealed molecular weight of expressed protein (CaTro) as 38.00 kDa. Furthermore, anti-CaTro antibody was detected in immunized rabbit's sera through dot blotting; while, there was not any response to the control rabbit's sera. The results suggest that CaTro is a potential candidate to develop an anti- Rh. microplus tick.
Keyvan Tadayon; Ehsan Mostafavi; Afshin Hajizadeh; Rainak Ghaderi; Parham Tadayon
Volume 10, Issue 4 , December 2019, , Pages 271-275
Abstract
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI) turned 95 years old in 2015. Majority of the animal infectious diseases such as rinderpest and anthrax that used to frequently strike the historic Persia are now gone for good or under control owing to the pioneering researches conducted at the institute ...
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Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI) turned 95 years old in 2015. Majority of the animal infectious diseases such as rinderpest and anthrax that used to frequently strike the historic Persia are now gone for good or under control owing to the pioneering researches conducted at the institute in the early-mid 20th century in the field of vaccine manufacturing. The earliest such scientific contributions, were truly made by the French eminent veterinarian Dr. Louis Pierre Joseph Delpy who joined the institute in 1931. In his 18 year-long directorship tenure he taught his colleagues fundamentals of vaccinology, basics of modern epidemiology, essentials of infectious disease control disciplines, the art of scientific writing and much more things that changed the institute for ever. This paper reviews the events and turning points in the first 25 years of service of the institute in a chronological way and remarks Delpy’s principle involvements in all of these on the occasion of the 120 anniversary of his birth. At the entrance of the institute headquarter building where his bronze bust is placed, visitors can see a memorial etched plate that reads “... The architect of Razi and founder of Archives De L’Institute Razi (Archives of Razi Institute) was an enthusiastic scientist with a creative mind. … For the Razi community, Dr Delpy is gone but not forgotten.”
Vassilis Papatsiros
Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2012, , Pages 217-220
Abstract
Porcine necrotic ear syndrome (PNES) in pigs has been reported as an increasing health problem in many countries with intensive pig farming. The etiology of this disease is complex and the presumed triggering factors can be divided into infectious and non-infectious agents. The present report describes ...
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Porcine necrotic ear syndrome (PNES) in pigs has been reported as an increasing health problem in many countries with intensive pig farming. The etiology of this disease is complex and the presumed triggering factors can be divided into infectious and non-infectious agents. The present report describes a case of Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2), infection associated with lesions of PNES at the weaning stage of a farrow-to-finish pig farm. Approximately 35% of weaners (1-3 weeks after weaning) presented clinical symptoms similar to Post-weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS). About 2-3 weeks after weaning the first lesions of PNES occurred in approximately 20% of pigs, resulting in a significant health problem characterized by poor growth or severe wasting and finally mortality up to 15% in some batches. Moreover, approximately 5% of survived weaners, during growing / finishing stage, presented poor growth and secondary co-infections that lead to death. The present study based on the clinical signs, serological and pathological examinations, indicates that weaners suffered by sub-acute PCV2 infection resulting in PMWS associated with PNES. The lesions of PNES were initially observed at the same period (4-8 weeks of age) with the higher seroprevalence of PCV2 infection. Metaphylaxis of this case included intramuscular injection of florfenicol for the treatment and control of skin lesions and respiratory signs. Moreover, piglets were vaccinated against PCV2. In conclusion, sub-acute PCV2 infection could be included in triggering factors PNES in weaners. The mass vaccination against PCV2 of infected piglets might be effective in reduction of clinical signs and losses of PNES in cases of PCV2 infection associated with PNES.
