Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum

Comparison of the effects of tylosin and tilmicosin as a systemic treatment of dry Holstein cows

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Samira Abani 1
Nima Farzaneh 1
Hesam Seifi 1
Mohsen Ghavami 2
Abolfazl Mohammadi 1
Babak Khoramian 1

1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

2 Quds Razavi Industrial Animal Husbandry Institute, Mashhad, Iran

https://doi.org/10.30466/vrf.2021.531019.3187
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of macrolides to eliminate intramammary infection (IMI) caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Streptoccus spp. 3 weeks before calving time. Eighty Holstein dairy cows with subclinical mastitis pathogens were divided into three groups. Three weeks before expected parturition time, cows in group 1 received tilmicosin (n = 29), cows in group 2 received tylosin (n = 30) and cows in group 3 were left as negative control (n = 21). Milk samples were obtained on 3 and 7 days after calving. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method was determined for all of the S. aureus isolates that had the same isolates before and after parturition. The total cure rate was 63.33, 75.86 and 66.66% for tylosin, tilmicosin and control groups, respectively. Furthermore, cure rates were not significant, when each type of mastitis causing pathogens were considered separately. The incidence of clinical mastitis during 60 days after calving for tylosin, tilmicosin and Control groups was 23.33, 27.58 and 38.09%, respectively. Only four S. aureus isolated before drying-off were similar to post-calving isolate, according to RAPD-PCR method. In conclusion, antibiotic therapy before calving improved the cure rate numerically, however, it was not significant.

Keywords

Dry cow therapy
Macrolides
Mastitis
Staphylococcus aureus
Tilmicosin
  1. Dingwell RT, Leslie KE, Duffield TF, et al. Efficacy of intramammary tilmicosin and risk factors for cure of Staphylococcus aureus infection in the dry period. J Dairy Sci 2003; 86(1): 159-168.
  2. Eberhart RJ. Management of dry cows to reduce mastitis. J Dairy Sci 1986; 69(6): 1721-1732.
  3. Nickerson SC, Owens WE, Fox LK, et al. Comparison of tilmicosin and cephapirin as therapeutics for Staphylo-coccus aureus mastitis at dry-off. J Dairy Sci 1999; 82(4): 696-703.
  4. Ziv G, Shem-Tov M, Glickman A, et al. Tilmicosin antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetics in cows. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 1995;18(5): 340-345.
  5. Scorneaux B, Shryock TR. Intracellular accumulation, subcellular distribution, and efflux of tilmicosin in bovine mammary, blood, and lung cells. J Dairy Sci 1999; 82(6): 1202-1212.
  6. Zecconi A, Piccinini R, Guarini CPB. Tylosin in cows in the dry period. In Proceedings: National Mastitis Council. Arlington, USA 1999; 237-238.
  7. Dingwell RT, Leslie KE, Sabour P, et al. Influence of the genotype of Staphylococcus aureus, determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, on dry-period elimination of subclinical mastitis in Canadian dairy herds. Can J Vet Res 2006; 70(2): 115-120.
  8. Sommerhäuser J, Kloppert B, Wolter W, et al. The epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus infections from subclinical mastitis in dairy cows during a control program. Vet Microbiol 2003; 96(1): 91-102.
  9. Myllys V, Ridell J, Björkroth J, et al. Persistence in bovine mastitis of Staphylococcus aureus clones as assessed by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis, ribotyping and biotyping. Vet Microbiol 1997; 57(2-3): 245-251.
  10. Hogan JS, Gonzalez RN, Harmon RJ, et al. Laboratory handbook on bovine mastitis. 1st Madison, USA: National Mastitis Council 1999; 1-30.
  11. Williams JG, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, et al. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res 1990; 18(22): 6531-6535.
  12. Naqvi SA, Nobrega DB, Ronksley PE, et al. Invited review: Effectiveness of precalving treatment on postcalving udder health in nulliparous dairy heifers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101(6): 4707-4728.
  13. Nickerson SC. Control of heifer mastitis: antimicrobial treatment-an overview. Vet Microbiol 2009; 134(1-2): 128-135.
  14. Hovareshti P, Bolourchi M, Tabatabayi AH. Comparison of the effect of systemic and local antibacterial therapy to control staphylococcal intramammary infection in prepartum heifers. J Vet Res 2007; 62(2): 7-9.
  15. Erskine RJ, Bartlett PC, Crawshaw PC, et al. Efficacy of intramuscular oxytetracycline as a dry cow treatment for Staphylococcus aureus J Dairy Sci 1994; 77(11): 3347-3353.
  16. Pantoja JC, Hulland C, Ruegg PL. Somatic cell count status across the dry period as a risk factor for the development of clinical mastitis in the subsequent lactation. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92(1): 139-148.
  17. Barker AR, Schrick FN, Lewis MJ, et al. Influence of clinical mastitis during early lactation on reproductive performance of Jersey cows. J Dairy Sci 1998; 81(5): 1285-1290.
  18. Ismail ZB, Muhaffel MM, Abu-Basha E. The effect of dry cow therapy using systemic tylosin in combination with common intramammary medications on mastitis rate, cull rate, somatic cell count, and milk production in dairy cows affected with subclinical mastitis. Vet world 2018; 11(9): 1266-1271.
  19. Browning JW, Mein GA, Barton M, et al. Effects of antibiotic therapy at drying off on mastitis in the dry period and early lactation. Aust Vet J 1990; 67(12): 440-442.
Veterinary Research Forum
Volume 13, Issue 4
Autumn 2022
Pages 495-499

  • Receive Date 25 May 2021
  • Revise Date 14 November 2021
  • Accept Date 20 December 2021

Home

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us