Document Type : Original Article
Authors
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Abstract
The middle ear ossicles are important due to transmission of sound to the inner ear leading to sound understanding. The aim of present study was to determine the anatomical and morphometrical aspects of middle ear ossicles in Makouei sheep fetuses. For this experimental study, eight sheep fetuses at the age of 2 to 3 months were provided from public slaughterhouse; their middle ear ossicles were removed from tympanic cavity subsequently and assessed anatomically using stereomicroscope. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test were used. The results showed that rostral process of malleus doesn’t exist, but an osseous lamina extending to the tympanic bulla and tympanic ring is located in this place. Moreover, lenticular bone and muscular process of stapes weren’t found. These findings were similar to the other animal’s ossicles anatomical features, but there were also some differences that can be useful for study of these ossicles developmental evolution.
Keywords
Main Subjects
- Erdogan S, Kilinc M. Gross anatomy and arterial vascularization of the tympanic cavity and osseous labyrinth in mid-gestational bovine fetuses. Anat Rec 2010; 293: 2083-2093.
- Mason MJ. Evolution of the middle ear apparatus in Talpid moles. J Morphol 2006; 267: 678-695.
- Konig HE, Liebich HG. Veterinary anatomy of domestic mammals. Stuttgart, Germany: Schattauer 2004; 569.
- Dyce KM, Sackand WO, Wensing CJG. Textbook of veterinary anatomy. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, USA: Saunders 1996; 342-345.
- Kurtul I, Cevik A, Bozkurt EU, et al. A detailed subgross morphometric study on the auditory ossicles of the New Zealand rabbit. Anat Histol Embryol 2003; 32(4): 249-252.
- Ars B, Decraemerand W, Ars-Piret N. Tympano-ossicular allografts: Morphology and physiology. Am J Otolaryngol 1987; 8: 148-154.
- Frandson RD, Wilke WL, Fails AD. Anatomy and physiology of farm animals. 7th ed. Colorado, USA: Wiley Blackwell 2009; 192-198.
- Anson BJ, Bast TH. Development of the stapes of the human ear. Q Bull Northwest Univ Med Sch 1959; 33(1): 44-59.
- Ars B. Organogenesis of the middle ear structures. J Laryngol Otol 1989; 103(1): 16-21.
- Hanson JR, Anson BJ, Bast TH. The early embryology of the auditory ossicles in man. Q Bull Northwest Univ Med Sch 1959; 33(4): 358-379.
- Kosiagina EB. Development of structural elements of the middle ear in humans. Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol 1979; 77(9): 73-79.
- Louryan S. Middle ear ossicles development in the human embryo: Correlation with the mouse embryo's features [French]. Bull Assoc Anat 1993; 236: 29-32.
- Richany SF, Bast TH, Anson BJ. The development and adult structure of the malleus, incus and stapes. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1954; 63(2): 394-434.
- Rodriguez JF, Merida JR, Jimenez J. A study of the os goniale in man. Acta Anat 1991; 142(2): 188-192.
- Whyte J, Cisneros A, Yus C, et al. Development of the dynamic structure (force lines) of the middle ear ossicles in human fetuses. Histol Histopathol 2008; 23: 1049-1060.
- Unur E, Ulger H, Ekinci N. Morphometrical and morphological variations of middle ear ossicles in the newborn. Erciyes Med J 2002; 24(2): 57-63.
- Mohammadpour AA. Morphological study of auditory ossicles in mouse. J Appl Anim Res 2010; 37: 269-271.
- Lavinsky L, Seibel V. Detailed histologic, anatomic, and morphometric study of the middle ear in sheep to establish a new experimental model. In: Takasaka T, Yuasa R, Hozawa K (Eds). Recent advances in otitis media. Sendai, Japan: Monduzzi 2001; 231-235.
- Artur G, Noakes D, Pearson H. Veterinary reproduction and obstetrics. London, UK: Baillier Tindall 1996; 62.
- Mohammadpour AA. Morphology and morphometrical study of hamster middle ear bones. Iran J Vet Res 2011; 12(2): 121-126.
- Padmini MP, Rao BN. Morphological variations in human fetal ear ossicles. Int J Anat Res 2013; 1(2): 40-42.
- Botti M, Secci F, Ragionieri L, et al. Auditory ossicles in the ruminants: Comparative morphological analysis with the analogues formations of horse. Ann Fac Medic Vet di Parma 2006; 26: 91-96.
- Proop D, Hawke M, Berger G, et al. The anterior process of the malleus. J Otolaryngol 1984; 13(1): 39-43.
- Seibel VAA, Lavinsky L, Oliveira JAP. Morphometric study of the external and middle ear anatomy in sheep: A possible model for ear experiments. Clin Anat 2006; 19(6): 503-509.
- Lange S, Stalleicken J, Burda H. Functional morphology of the ear in fossorial rodents, Microtus arvalis and Arvicola terrestris. J Morphol 2004; 262(3): 770-779.
- Pracy JP, White A, Mustafa Y, et al. The comparative anatomy of the pig middle ear cavity: A model for middle ear inflammation in the human. J Anat 1998; 192(3): 359-368.
)