Document Type : Original Article
Authors
- Somayeh Bahrami 1
- Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi 2, 3
- Nader Mosavari 4
- Fattah Sotoodehnejad 1
- Mohammad Eslampanah 5
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Thoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Bovine Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
5 Department of Pathology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The new strategy for vaccine development such as the fused protein multi-epitope capable of preventing the reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBi) can be an effective strategy for controlling tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. This study was conducted to evaluate the immunity of experimentally infected BALB/c mice with Mycobacterium tuberculosis after injection of DNA construct. Nineteen female BALB/c mice were divided into three groups and injected with 0.50 mL of M. tuberculosis. After 3 weeks, lung and spleen samples from the infected mice were examined. The protective effects of light chain 3-fused protein multi-epitope against TB were evaluated for post-exposure and therapeutic exposure. The lungs and spleens of the mice were aseptically removed after death for histopathology analysis. The bacterial colonies were counted, and the cells were stained after 3 weeks of incubation. No significant differences were observed between the post-exposure and therapeutic exposure groups. The pathological changes in the lung tissue of mice in these groups included an increase in the thickness of interalveolar septa, hyperemia, and intraparenchymal pulmonary hemorrhage centers (positive control), scattered hyperemic areas (negative control), and hyperemia in the interstitial tissue, scattered hyperemic areas in the lung parenchyma and lymphocytic infiltration centers (experimental group). Flow cytometry of the post-exposure and therapeutic exposure models showed insignificant changes in all three groups. It seems necessary to develop a post-exposure and therapeutic exposure vaccine strategy that focuses on LTBi to prevent the progression of the active disease. In this regard, multi-epitope vaccines should be designed to induce both cellular and humoral immunity.
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