Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
Abstract
Various companion birds, including budgerigars, are anesthetized with injectable anesthesia. The current study aimed to evaluate oxidative stress indices including malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) along with clinical parameters such as the time required to induce, maintain and recover from medetomidine-ketamine anesthesia and midazolam-ketamine anesthesia in budgerigars. Among 20 mature and healthy budgerigars, the following three groups were assigned: Control (N=4): to determine the baseline oxidative stress indices, Med+ket (N=8): anesthetized by intramuscular injections of medetomidine (0.04 mg/kg) and ketamine (30 mg/kg) in the pectoral muscles, Mid+ket (N=8): anesthetized by intramuscular injections of midazolam (1 mg/kg) and ketamine (50 mg/kg). The second and third groups of birds were euthanized by ether one hour after anesthesia induction, blood samples were collected directly from the heart, and sera were extracted. In addition to inducing anesthesia, the remaining birds were euthanized 24 hours later, and their serum was analyzed for oxidative stress indices. A record of clinical parameters was also taken during the study. Compared to the Med+ket group, the Mid+ket group experienced shorter induction, anesthetic, and recovery times (p<0.05). Additionally, administering medetomidine and ketamine elevated TOS levels compared with Mid+ket (p< 0.05). No significant difference was found between the test groups for TAC, MDA, or OSI (p> 0.05). So the midazolam+ketamine regimen seems superior to medetomidine+ketamine when performing minor surgeries on budgerigars.
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