Document Type : Original Article
Authors
- Yousef Davoudi 1
- Mohammad nouri 2
- Mohammad Rahim Haji Hajikolaie 2
- Shobeir Yazdani Paraei 2
- Amir Javadi 3
- Saleh Esmaeilzadeh 4
1 Department of Veterinary, Sarab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sarab, Iran
2 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Health Deputy of the General Department of Veterinary Medicine in Qazvin Province
4 Department of Pathobioligy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
Abstract
In November 2021, a cattle farm located in Dasht-e-Moghan city of Ardabil province experienced a concerning incident. During the visit to the farm, 70 cows experienced stillbirths, abortions, and the births of calves with congenital abnormalities such as arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly To investigate the cause of this outbreak, brain tissue samples of two calves with hydranencephaly that died within days after their birth were analyzed. PCR testing was conducted for multiple viruses, including Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), Border disease, Akabane, Schmallenberg, and Bluetongue viruses. The results indicated positive only for Akabane virus. Additionally, blood samples were collected from 60 cows and calves that were over 8 months old to determine the presence of antibodies against the Akabane and Schmallenberg viruses. Blood samples were collected from 60 cows and calves over 8 months of age. Due to limited facilities, only antibodies against Akaban and Schmallenberg viruses were examined using the Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (C-ELISA). Out of the 60 cows and calves tested, 12 cows were found to have antibodies against the Akaban virus, and 15 cows had antibodies against the Schmallenberg virus. Interestingly, nine cows tested positive for both the Akaban and Schmallenberg viruses.
In conclusion, based on clinical findings and results, it appears that the diagnosed disease is Akaban. However, it is important to note that further investigation is needed to determine the source of the virus and their transmission route.
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