Poultry
Farhad Hashemzade; Mansour Mayahi; Abdolhamid Shoshtary; Masoud Reza Seyfi- Abadshapuri; Masoud Ghorbanpoor
Volume 10, Issue 4 , December 2019, , Pages 293-297
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in turkeys may result in immunosuppression, and inability of turkeys to resist nonpathogenic or less pathogenic organisms. A total number of 120 day-old commercial male turkeys were purchased and blood samples were collected from 20 day-old turkeys, remaining 100 ...
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Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in turkeys may result in immunosuppression, and inability of turkeys to resist nonpathogenic or less pathogenic organisms. A total number of 120 day-old commercial male turkeys were purchased and blood samples were collected from 20 day-old turkeys, remaining 100 were divided into four equal groups and kept in separated rooms. Groups 1 and 2 were infected with 104 CID50 of IBDV via intra-bursal route on day 1; Groups 1 and 3 were each infected with 106 EID50of AIV (H9N2) via the oculo-nasal routes on day 30. All groups were vaccinated against Newcastle disease vaccine (NDV). Detection of avian influenza virus H9N2 in trachea and cloaca swabs and in the tissues, was confirmed by Real-time polymerase chain reaction. Anti- NDV–AIV and anti-IBD titers were measured using HI and ELISA tests, respectively. The present study showed that infectious bursal disease changed the pathogenesis of (AIV) H9N2 by affecting AI virus replication and resulted in an increase shedding due to prolonged duration of sever clinical signs. The extent of shedding and virus replication need further study.
Histology
Ramin Jahangirfard; Ali Shalizar; Rasoul Shahrooz; Gholamreza Najafi; Aram Minas
Volume 10, Issue 2 , June 2019, , Pages 159-163
Abstract
In order to conduct this study, eight adult turkey heads were obtained. Pituitary glands were harvested following cranial bones removal and examined morphologically and anatomically as well as topographically. Then, tissue sections were prepared and stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin, Alcian blue, orange ...
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In order to conduct this study, eight adult turkey heads were obtained. Pituitary glands were harvested following cranial bones removal and examined morphologically and anatomically as well as topographically. Then, tissue sections were prepared and stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin, Alcian blue, orange G and periodic acid-Schiff staining techniques. The results showed that turkey pituitary gland as a pea-sized structure is located in the ventral part of the cerebrum and composed of adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis parts. Moreover, histological analyses revealed that sinusoids are well-developed at the distal part of the adenohypophysis and irregular masses of endocrine cells exist among them. Distributions of basophilic cells in the distal part of adenohypophysis were significantly higher than those of other endocrine cells, while the acidophilic cells had the lowest distribution. Lower and higher numbers of chromophobe cells were also found compared to those of basophilic and acidophilic cells, respectively. These findings were mostly similar to the other birds’ pituitary gland anatomical and histological features, but there were also differences in cellular elements distributions along with infundibular cavity topography.
Poultry
Saeed Rasoulinezhad; Mohammad Hassan Bozorgmehrifard; Hossein Hosseini; Nariman Sheikhi; Saeed Charkhkar
Volume 8, Issue 4 , December 2017, , Pages 293-298
Abstract
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is economically important pathogen of poultry causes airsacculitis and frequently infraorbital sinusitis in turkeys. Infections may remain without clinical signs, but they can make birds susceptible to secondary infections.This study was carried out for molecular detection ...
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Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is economically important pathogen of poultry causes airsacculitis and frequently infraorbital sinusitis in turkeys. Infections may remain without clinical signs, but they can make birds susceptible to secondary infections.This study was carried out for molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of MG infections in commercial and backyard turkey flocks in some parts of Iran. A total number of 600 swab samples were collected from 18 commercial and 31 backyard turkey flocks. The PCR technique was performed for detecting 16S rRNA gene in the samples. Positive sample were subjected for sequencing of mgc2 gene. The results showed that 48.38% of backyard and 16.66% of commercial farms were positive for MG. These findings suggested the presence of MG in the commercial and backyard turkeys’ farms of Iran. The molecular analysis indicated high sequence similarity between some Iranian turkeys isolates with Indian and Pakistanian MG isolates. Furthermore, substitutions of MG nucleic acids and correlated amino acids sequences may lead to some antigenic modifications.
Poultry
Mansour Mayahi; Hassan Momtaz; Ramezan Ali Jafari; Pejman Zamani
Volume 8, Issue 2 , June 2017, , Pages 105-108
Abstract
Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) causes diseases like rhinotracheitis in turkeys, swollen head syndrome in chickens and avian rhinotracheitis in other birds. Causing respiratory problems, aMPV adversely affects production and inflicts immense economic losses and mortalities, especially in turkey flocks. ...
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Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) causes diseases like rhinotracheitis in turkeys, swollen head syndrome in chickens and avian rhinotracheitis in other birds. Causing respiratory problems, aMPV adversely affects production and inflicts immense economic losses and mortalities, especially in turkey flocks. In recent years, several serological and molecular studies have been conducted on this virus, especially in poultry in Asia and Iran. The purpose of the present study was detecting and subtyping aMPV by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from non-vaccinated, commercial turkey flocks in Iran for the first time. Sixty three meat–type unvaccinated turkey flocks from several provinces of Iran were sampled in major turkey abattoirs. Samples were tested by RT-PCR for detecting and subtyping aMPV. The results showed that 26 samples from three flocks (4.10%) were positive for viral RNA and all of the viruses were found to be subtype B of aMPV. As a result, vaccination especially against subtype B of aMPV should be considered in turkey flocks in Iran to control aMPV infections.
