Achlya infection in an Oscar (Astronotus ocellatus) with typical symptoms of saprolegniosis
Volume 10, Issue 1, Winter 2019, Pages 89-92
Rahim Peyghan, Roya Rahnama, Zahra Tulaby Dezfuly, Maryam Shokoohmand
Abstract Saprolegniosis is one of the most frequent diseases in the ornamental fish industry that may cause by Achlya spp. There is no report of fungal infection caused by Achlya spp. in Oscar (Astronotus ocellatus) in Iran. An Oscar fish was referred to the Veterinary Hospital, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran with saprolegniosis symptoms including loss of appetite and yellow to gray cottony mass on the skinof flank and caudal peduncle. The infected area of the fish body was investigated by wet smear. After observing broad aseptate hyphae (approximate width 10-15 μm), the infected skin was inoculated on Sabouraud dextrose agar and incubated at 30 ˚C for seven days. The large fungi colony was appeared on the agar and the isolated fungi were detected as Achlya spp. after examination by wet and stained dry smears according to the morphology of hypha, spores, and zoosporangium. It is the first report of cutaneous saprolegniosis in Oscar caused by Achlya spp. in Iran.
Study on effect of salinity level of water on electrocardiogram and some of blood serum minerals in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella
Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2013, Pages 49-53
Ala Enayati, Rahim Peyghan, Ahmad Ali Papahn, Gholam-Hosain Khadjeh
Abstract In this study the effects of salinity on the electrocardiogram and some of blood serum minerals in grass carp were investigated. For this purpose, grass carp were exposed to concentrations of 4, 8 and 12 g L-1 salinities and electrocardiogram of all fish was recorded. Blood samples were also collected from all fish and serum minerals were measured. Our results indicated that mineral level in the studied groups was significantly different. The average of heart rate per minute in control group and 4, 8 and 12 g L-1 were 10.15, 10.06, 12.17 and 7.79 beat per min, respectively. In 8 g L-1 group only the average of QT and ST segment decreased significantly in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). In 12 g L-1 group the average of heart rate per minute decreased significantly in comparison with 8 g L-1 group (p < 0.05) and no difference in the average of heart rate per minute was observed in all groups. The average of RR, PT and ST segment in the 12 g L-1 group were significantly more than the other groups (p < 0.05). The results showed that water salinity level increased to concentrations above 8 g L-1 can have significant effect on the electrocardiogram and mineral level of blood serum in grass carp. These changes are probably can be considered as one of the causes of impairment of health and death of this fish species in the salinities more than 8 g L-1 due to ion imbalance and cardiovascular disorders.