Document Type : Original Article
Authors
- Somayeh Bahrami 1
- Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi 2
- Nader Mosavari 3
- Fattah Sotoodehnejad 1
- Mohammad Eslampanah 4
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Tehran University of Medical Sciences
3 Bovine tuberculosis reference laboratory, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Pathology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The new strategies for vaccine development such as fused protein multi-epitope capable of preventing reactivation of latent Tuberculosis infection (LTBi) can be an effective strategy for controlling TB worldwide. This study was performed to diagnose LTBi in Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute of Karaj, Iran, from January 2020 to October 2020. In this study, 19 female BALB/c mice in three groups were injected with 0.5 mL of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. After three weeks, the lung and spleen samples of infected mice were examined. The post-exposure and therapeutic-exposure protective effects of LC3-fused protein multi-epitope against TB were evaluated. The lungs and spleens of the mice were aseptically removed after death for histopathogy analysis. The bacterial colonies were counted, and the cells were stained after three weeks of incubation. No significant differences were observed between the groups in post-exposure and therapeutic-exposure groups. The pathological changes in the lung tissue of mice in the post-exposure and therapeutic-exposure groups included an increase in the thickness of interalveolar septa, hyperemia, and intraparenchymal pulmonary hemorrhage centers (positive control), scattered hyperemic areas (negative control), and hyperemia in the interstitial tissue, scattered hyperemic areas in the lung parenchyma and lymphocytic infiltration centers (experimental group). The flow cytometry of the post-exposure and therapeutic-exposure models showed insignificant changes in all three groups.
It seems necessary to develop a post-exposure and therapeutic-exposure vaccine strategy focusing on LTBi to prevent the progression of the active disease. In this regard, multi-epitope vaccines should be designed to induce both cellular and humoral immunity.
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