Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum

Characterization of Brucella spp. circulating in industrial dairy cattle farms in Iran: a field study 2016 - 2023

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Saeed Alamian 1
Karim Amiry 2
Afshar Etemadi 1
Maryam Dadar 1

1 Brucellosis Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

2 Brucellosis Department, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.30466/vrf.2024.2012972.4028
Abstract
Bovine brucellosis, an infectious disease transmitted by Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus, presents a significant zoonotic risk for agricultural economics and animal health. The primary objective of this study was to present a comprehensive understanding of the prevalence and features of Brucella strains within the industrial dairy farming sector in Iran. Rose Bengal plate test, standard agglutination test, and indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay tests were used to confirm all seropositive animals. A total number of 1,311 bovine samples from seropositive animals including were collected from 224 farms in 21 provinces of different regions of Iran and examined. The discovered Brucella isolates were phenotyped and molecularly characterized. The isolates were all B. abortus or B. melitensis. Bacteria analysis revealed that 70.53% of seropositive farms were tested positive for Brucella strains, predominantly B. melitensis biovar 1 (43.42%) and B. abortus biovar 3 (27.11%). Geographical distribution revealed that B. melitensis biovar 1 was the most common in dairy cow farms (16 provinces), followed by B. abortus biovar 3 (six provinces). Also, the prevalence of B. melitensis biovar 2, B. melitensis biovar 3, B. abortus biovar 1, B. abortus biovar 2 and RB51 vaccine were restricted to certain provinces. AMOS (abortus melitensis ovis suis)-polymerase chain reaction and Bruce-ladder PCR confirmed species identification. These results highlighted the complexity of bovine brucellosis in Iran and illustrated that B. melitensis was spread from small ruminants to cattle. This study provided important epidemiological insights for targeting future brucellosis control programs in the Iranian dairy farms.

Keywords

Agricultural economies
Bovine brucellosis
Brucella abortus
Brucella melitensi
Industrial dairy cattle farms

Subjects

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Veterinary Research Forum
Volume 15, Issue 4
April 2024
Pages 195-202

  • Receive Date 06 October 2023
  • Revise Date 19 November 2023
  • Accept Date 08 January 2024

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