Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum

Active surveillance and associated epidemiological risk factors of caprine paratuberculosis in selected district of Odisha, India

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Pragnya Smita Mishra 1
Prasana Kumar Rath 1
Susen Kumar Panda 1
Bidyut Prava Mishra 1
Sangram Biswal 1
Smruti Ranjan Mishra 1
Jyotiprabha Mishra 2
Rajeev Ranjan 3

1 College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT), Bhubaneswar, India

2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sambalpur, India

3 ICAR-National Institute on Foot-and-Mouth Disease, International Centre of Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Bhubaneswar, India

https://doi.org/10.30466/vrf.2024.2012773.4025
Abstract
Caprine paratuberculosis (PTB) is a progressive, debilitating and production-limiting disease that causes significant economic losses and raises public health concerns. The goal was to study active surveillance and associated epidemiological risk factors of caprine PTB in selected district of Odisha, India. The 818 goats of various ages, sexes and breeds were randomly screened in ten different districts for a year based on history, clinical signs and fecal smear examination using the Ziehl-Neelsen stain, yielding an overall prevalence of 38.75%, with clinical and sub-clinical PTB at 8.06 and 30.68%, respectively. A molecular tool, IS900 polymerase chain reaction, was also used to confirm the disease. With Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) bacilli and endoparasite infections, the majority of affected goats (69.08%) were low shedders. Puri coastal district had the highest prevalence (52.29%) followed by Sambalpur (48.61%), while Khordha had the lowest prevalence (26.41%). Caprine PTB was more common in goats over 2 years old (51.23%), in the Ganjam breed (42.30%), in females (39.17%) and in goats housed on earthen floors (55.83%) according to chi-square analysis. The current study concluded that higher (30.68%) observations of subclinical PTB were cause of real concern due to its insidious spread as well as its zoonotic significance with potential human consequences, which requires immediate attention at all levels. Because of the public health importance of this hidden killer disease, the current findings would be useful in developing a roadmap for implementing prevention and control policies, prompting provision for adequate funding with elaborative research.

Keywords

Active surveillance
Caprine paratuberculosis
Epidemiological risk factor
Fecal sample
Goat

Subjects

  1.  

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Veterinary Research Forum
Volume 15, Issue 7
July 2024
Pages 343-349

  • Receive Date 21 October 2023
  • Revise Date 18 February 2024
  • Accept Date 07 April 2024

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