Veterinary Research Forum
Vet Res Forum

Frequency of Anaplasma platys in dogs from the municipality of Veracruz, Mexico

Document Type : Short Communication

Authors

Izcalli Alejandra Jeréz-Sulvarán 1
David Itzcóatl Martinez Herrera 2
Hector Vivanco Cid 1
Jose Alfredo Villagomez Cortes 3
Hector Alejandro Contreras Lopez 3
Lucy Anahi Muñoz Muñoz 1
Jose Luis Hernandez Vivanco 1
Argel Flores Primo 3

1 Institute of Medical-Biological Research, University of Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico

2 Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico.

3 Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico

https://doi.org/10.30466/vrf.2024.2021313.4154
Abstract
Infectious canine cyclic thrombocytopenia or canine anaplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by Anaplasma platys. In Mexico, cases of human infection have been reported. The present cross-sectional study aimed to determine the frequency of A. platys infection in the municipality of Veracruz, Mexico, by nested polymerase chain reaction method. A total of 100 blood samples from dogs living in the municipality were collected and analyzed between March and June 2022. A descriptive analysis of blood samples for hemoparasites frequencies was performed with the free online software VassarStats. The evaluated variables were sex, street access, usage of ticks control methods, and living environment. The free online software WinEpi software was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI: 95.00%). Out of 100 analyzed blood samples, 27 were confirmed positive for A. platys. The only risk factor found was the absence of tick prevention methods (OR = 9.81; 95.00% CI: 23.00 - 44.50). In conclusion, the frequency of A. platys was 27.00% and no risk factors were identified.

Keywords

Anaplasma platys
Epidemiology
Mexico
Parasitology
Polymerase chain reaction
Subjects
  1. Arraga-Alvarado C, Palmar M, Parra O, et al. Ehrlichia platys (Anaplasma platys) in dogs from Maracaibo, Venezuela: an ultrastructural study of experimental and natural infections. Vet Pathol 2003; 40(2): 149-156.
  2. Snellgrove AN, Krapiunaya I, Ford SL, et al. Vector competence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu stricto for Anaplasma platys. Ticks Tick borne Dis 2020; 11(6): 101517. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101517.
  3. Alhassan A, Hove P, Sharma B, et al. Molecular detection and characterization of Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis in dogs from the Caribbean. Ticks Tick borne Dis 2021; 12(4): 101727. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis. 2021.101727.
  4. Selim A, Almohammed H, Abdelhady A, et al. Molecular detection and risk factors for Anaplasma platys infection in dogs from Egypt. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14(1): 429. doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-04943-8.
  5. Inokuma H, Raoult D, Brouqui P. Detection of Ehrlichia platys DNA in brown dog ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) in Okinawa Island, Japan. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38(11): 4219-4221.
  6. Do T, Phoosangwalthong P, Kamyingkird K, et al. Molecular detection of tick-borne pathogens in stray dogs and Riphicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks from Bangkok, Thailand. Pathogens 2021; 10(5): 561. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10050561.
  7. Arraga-Alvarado CM, Qurollo BA, Parra OC, et al. Case report: molecular evidence of Anaplasma platys infection in two women from Venezuela. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014; 91(6): 1161-1165.
  8. Motoi Y, Satoh, H, Inokuma H, et al. First detection of Ehrlichia platys in dogs and ticks in Okinawa, Japan. Microbiol Immunol 2001; 45(1): 89-91.
  9. Hoskins JD, Breitschwerdt EB, Gaunt SD, et al. Antibodies to Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia platys, and spotted fever group rickettsiae in Louisiana dogs. J Vet Intern Med 1988; 2(2): 55-59.
  10. Kordick SK, Breitschwerdt EB, Hegarty BC, et al. Coinfection with multiple tick-borne pathogens in a Walker Hound kennel in North Carolina. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37(8): 2631-2638.
  11. Stangegaard M, Hjort BB, Hansen TN, et al. Automated extraction of DNA from clothing. Forensic Sci Int Genet Suppl Ser 2011; 3(1): e403-e404.
  12. Martin AR, Brown GK, Dunstan RH, et al. Anaplasma platys: an improved PCR for its detection in dogs. Exp Parasitol 2005; 109(3): 176-180.
  13. Huang H, Unver A, Perez MJ, et al. Prevalence and molecular analysis of Anaplasma platys in dogs in Lara, Venezuela. Braz J Microbiol 2005; 36(3): 211-216.
  14. Dahmani M, Marié JL, Mediannikov O, et al. First identification of Anaplasma platys in the blood of dogs from French Guiana. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2015; 15(2):170-172.
  15. Trotta M, Fogliazza A, Furlanello T, et al. A molecular and serological study of exposure to tick-borne pathogens in sick dogs from Italy. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 15(Suppl 2): 62–63.
  16. Abarca K, López J, Perret C, et al. Anaplasma platys in dogs, Chile. Emerg Infect Dis 2007; 13(19): 1392-1395.
  17. Kumar D, Panigrahi MK, Suryavanshi M, et al. Quantification of DNA extracted from formalin fixed paraffin-embedded tissue comparison of three techniques: effect on PCR efficiency. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10(9): BC01-BC03.
  18. Costa-Júnior LM¸ Rembeck K, Passos LM, et al. Factors associated with epidemiology of Anaplasma platys in dogs in rural and urban areas of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Prev Vet Med 2013; 109(3-4): 321-326.
  19. Mokhtar AS, Lim SF, Tay ST. Molecular detection of Anaplasma platys and Babesia gibsoni in dogs in Malaysia. Trop Biomed 2013; 30(2): 345-348.
  20. Santamaria A, Calzada JE, Saldaña A, et al. Molecular diagnosis and species identification of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma infections in dogs from Panama, Central America. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2014; 14(5): 368-370.
  21. Sainz Á, Roura X, Miró G, et al. Guideline for veterinary practitioners on canine ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in Europe. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8: 75. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-0649-0.
  22. Dahmani M, Loudahi A, Mediannikov O, et al. Molecular detection of Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis in dogs from Kabylie, Algeria. Ticks Tick borne Dis 2015; 6(2): 198-203.
Veterinary Research Forum
Volume 15, Issue 12
December 2024
Pages 697-700

  • Receive Date 27 January 2024
  • Revise Date 06 May 2024
  • Accept Date 17 July 2024

Home

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us