Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
2
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3
Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
4
Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
10.30466/vrf.2026.2065344.4826
Abstract
Background: Aging significantly impacts cardiovascular health, increasing the prevalence of heart diseases such as acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and coronary artery disease (CAD). This study explores the combined effects of melatonin and Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (N) on ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in aged rats, focusing on inflammatory markers and hemodynamic parameters.
Methods: Five groups were created from forty-year-old male Wistar rats: Sham, IR, M (IR + Melatonin), N (IR + N), and N+M (IR + N + Melatonin). Rats underwent IR procedures, and hearts were analyzed for coronary flow (CF), heart rate (HR), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP). Creatine kinase (CK) levels and inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB) were also measured.
Results: IR led to reduced CF and HR, both of which improved with melatonin and N treatments. Both treatments lowered the increase in LVEDP and enhanced LVDP recovery, with the combined therapy showing the best results. CK, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB levels were elevated in the IR group but significantly reduced by the treatments, especially the combined therapy, demonstrating stronger protective effects.
Conclusion: Melatonin and N, particularly in combination, mitigate the adverse effects of IR injury in aged rats, improving hemodynamic parameters and reducing myocardial damage and inflammation. These findings highlight their potential as therapeutic agents for age-related cardiovascular conditions.
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