Stem Cells
Somayeh Naderi; Malihe Akbarzadeh Niaki; Nasser Mahdavi Shahri; Maryam Moghaddam Matin; Masoud Fereidoni; Fatemeh Naseri
Volume 6, Issue 3 , September 2015, , Pages 251-255
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the interactions between rat intestine decellularized scaffold and human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells. Rat large intestine was dissected in fragments and decellularized by physicochemical methods. The scaffolds were loaded by human adipose derived mesenchymal ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the interactions between rat intestine decellularized scaffold and human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells. Rat large intestine was dissected in fragments and decellularized by physicochemical methods. The scaffolds were loaded by human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells expressing green fluorescent protein. Microscopic sections were prepared from the scaffolds after two weeks of culture with stem cells and studied by histological methods. The interactions of scaffolds with MSCs were also studied by electron microscopy. Histological and electron microscopy studies revealed human mesenchymal stem cell adhesion, migration, division and maintenance during the 14 days of culture in vitro. According to the results, scaffolds prepared from rat intestine matrix could be a suitable scaffold for studying in vitro cell behaviors such as division, migration and attachment. These various behaviors of cultured cells might be due to inductive effects of the extracellular matrix derived scaffold. However, more investigations are required to discover the exact effects of this scaffold and its interactions with mesenchymal stem cells.
Nutrition
Zahra Amini; Siamak Parsaei; Mohammad Houshmand; Reza Naghiha
Volume 10, Issue 3 , September 2019, , Pages 255-259
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of olive leaf (OL) on the performance, abdominal fat pad and some ileal bacterial population of Cobb broiler chickens. A total number of 400 day-old chicks were randomly distributed into floor pens and reared under the same condition until 14 days ...
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This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of olive leaf (OL) on the performance, abdominal fat pad and some ileal bacterial population of Cobb broiler chickens. A total number of 400 day-old chicks were randomly distributed into floor pens and reared under the same condition until 14 days of age. On day 14, each pen was randomly assigned to one of the five experimental treatments with four replicates of 20 male and female chicks. The dietary treatments were consisted of a control group which fed basal diet without OL entire period of the study and groups 2 to 5 that fed diets supplemented with 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00% OL powder, respectively. On days 21 and 42 of the experiment, ileal digesta samples were collected under the sterile condition to evaluate ileal bacterial population. The results indicated that birds fed diets containing various levels of OL, had higher body weight gain (except for 1.00% OL) and lower feed conversion ratio compared to that of the control group. Dietary inclusion of OL resulted in a higher count of Lactobacillus sp. compared to the control group on 42 days of age, while Escherichia coli count significantly was not influenced. The abdominal fat pad was lower in birds fed OL supplemented diets. In conclusion, findings of the current experiment showed that the OL had positive effects on feed conversion ratio, abdominal fat pad deposition and ileal bacterial count of broiler chickens.
Poultry
Farhad Hajializadeh; Hasan Ghahri; Alireza Talebi
Volume 8, Issue 3 , September 2017, , Pages 259-264
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different levels chromium picolinate (CrPic) and chromium nanoparticles (nano-Cr) on the performance and immune function of broilers under heat stress condition. A total of 320 Ross 308 broiler chicks (from 21 to 42 days) were assigned randomly ...
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This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different levels chromium picolinate (CrPic) and chromium nanoparticles (nano-Cr) on the performance and immune function of broilers under heat stress condition. A total of 320 Ross 308 broiler chicks (from 21 to 42 days) were assigned randomly into eight treatment groups (four replicates per treatment, and 10 chicks per replicate) and be reared at either thermoneutral (21 ˚C) or heat stress (36 ◦C). The treatments were control (T1) group without supplementation and heat stress, T2 as a heat stress group without supplementation, T3, T4 and T5 groups which were supplemented with 500, 1000 and 1500 ppb CrPic in diet with heat stress, respectively and T6, T7 and T8 groups which were supplemented with 500, 1000 and 1500 ppb nano-chromium in diet under heat stress, respectively. Supplementation of chromium and nano-chromium improved performance including weight gain and feed conversion ratio of heat-stressed chickens. Antibody titers against avian influenza (AI) and infectious bronchitis (IB) at 21 to 42 days of age in broilers fed supplemental chromium and nano-chromium were higher than broiler chickens fed control diet (p < 0.05). Nano-chromium supplementation at level of 1000 ppb and CrPic at level of 1500 ppb improved the antibody titers against AI and IB of broilers under heat stress conditions. It can be concluded from these findings that dietary supplementation of CrPic and nano-Cr can improve performance and antibody titers against AI and IB under heat stress conditions in broilers.
Radiology
Fatemeh Neshat Halati; Alireza Vajhi; Mohammad Molazem; Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan; Fereshteh Ansari
Volume 7, Issue 3 , September 2016, , Pages 261-266
Abstract
Dogs presented to the Small Animal Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran were included in the present study if spinal or intervertebral disc involvement was suspected. Clinical signs were recorded as well as general information of the patient such as age, breed and sex. Sixty dogs were ...
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Dogs presented to the Small Animal Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran were included in the present study if spinal or intervertebral disc involvement was suspected. Clinical signs were recorded as well as general information of the patient such as age, breed and sex. Sixty dogs were examined radiographically and two standard orthogonal lateral and ventrodorsal projections were taken from the suspected region. Then magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed for all patients. Agreement between MRI and radiographic findings, comparison of sex and breed with diagnostic imaging grades, comparison between diagnostic imaging grades and mean age, recovery rate after surgery or medical treatment, effects of diagnostic imaging severity grades on surgical or medical referrals were evaluated statistically. There were no significant association between age, sex and breed and frequency of the intervertebral disk disease. Intervertebral disc involvements between L2-L3 and T13-L1 were estimated as the most frequent sites of involvements. Sensitivity and specificity of radiography were evaluated 90.0% and 46.0%, respectively, by considering the MRI as a gold standard modality. There was a significant association between severity of disease in the MRI with referral to surgery and medical treatment. The recovery rate after surgery was significantly higher than medical treatment. These results can be used as a foundation for other studies with more focuses on details of injury and larger group of patients.
Azizollah Ebrahimi; Azar Moatamedi; Sharareh Lotfalian; Pejhman Mirshokraei
Volume 4, Issue 4 , December 2013, , Pages 269-272
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae is a major contagious pathogen causing bovine sub-clinical mastitis. The present investigation was carried out to determine some phenotypic characteristics of the S. agalactiae strains isolated from bovine mastitis cases in dairy cows of Shahrekord in the west-center of Iran. ...
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Streptococcus agalactiae is a major contagious pathogen causing bovine sub-clinical mastitis. The present investigation was carried out to determine some phenotypic characteristics of the S. agalactiae strains isolated from bovine mastitis cases in dairy cows of Shahrekord in the west-center of Iran. One hundred eighty California mastitis test (CMT) positive milk samples were bacteriologically studied. A total of 31 (17.2%) S. agalactiae isolated. Twenty eight (90.3%) of the isolates were biofilm producers. This finding may indicate the high potential of pathogenicity in isolated strains. Sixteen (51.6%) isolates were α hemolysin producers. Only 19.3%, 22.5% and 29.0% of the isolates were sensitive to streptomycin, flumequine and kanamycin, respectively. None of these three agents is recommended for treatment of mastitis cases.
Pwaveno Huladeino Bamaiyi; Arunsi Ukairu Kalu
Volume 2, Issue 4 , December 2011, , Pages 278-281
Abstract
One hundred and five (105) Camels were investigated at the Maiduguri abattoir, Nigeria using floatation and sedimentation techniques for helminth parasites and haematological indices with the microhaematocrit reader. Overall, prevalence of infection was 92.4% [(Coccidia (8.5%), Strongyloides (8.5%), ...
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One hundred and five (105) Camels were investigated at the Maiduguri abattoir, Nigeria using floatation and sedimentation techniques for helminth parasites and haematological indices with the microhaematocrit reader. Overall, prevalence of infection was 92.4% [(Coccidia (8.5%), Strongyloides (8.5%), Trichuris (11.4%), Ciliates (6.7%), Ascaris sp. (3.8%), Moniezia sp. (1.9%), Amphistome sp. (0.9%) and Balantidium sp. (0.9%)]. There was no significant difference between infected and non-infected camels for blood parameters. There is need to regularly deworm camels and further study the impact of helminthes in the camel especially with respect to its zoonotic potentials in countries with significant population of camels.
Microbiology
zahra boroomand; Ramezan Ali Jafari; Mansour Mayahi
Volume 9, Issue 3 , September 2018, , Pages 279-283
Abstract
Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious disease involving mostly upper respiratory tract in chickens, leading to significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. One of the major concerns regarding to IB is the emergence of new types of infectious bronchitis viruses (IBVs). The ...
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Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious disease involving mostly upper respiratory tract in chickens, leading to significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. One of the major concerns regarding to IB is the emergence of new types of infectious bronchitis viruses (IBVs). The purpose of this study was to identify the IBVs isolated from Iranian broiler chickens with respiratory symptoms. Twenty-five broiler flocks around Ahwaz (southwest of Iran) were examined for IBV. The specimens including trachea, lung, liver, kidney, and ceacal tonsil, were collected from diseased birds and inoculated into chicken embryonated eggs. Harvested allantoic fluids were subjected to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using primers in order to amplify spike 1 (S1) gene of IBV. The RT-PCR products of four IBV isolates were sequenced. The results showed that from 25 examined flocks with respiratory disease, 12 flocks (48.00%) were positive for IBV. In phylogenetic analysis, our isolates were closely related to the QX-like viruses such as PCRLab/06/2012 (Iran), QX, HC9, HC10, CK/CH/GX/NN11-1, CK/CH/JS/YC11-1, CK/CH/JS/2010/13, CK/CH/JS/2011/2 (China), QX/SGK-21, QX/SGK-11 (Iraq) with nucleotide homology up to 99.00%. This study indicates the role of IBVs in the respiratory disorders of broiler flocks located in southwest Iran, and also the existence of a variant of IBV, which is distinguishable from the other Iranian variants.
Mohsen Nouri; Javad Ashrafi Helan
Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2012, , Pages 291-295
Abstract
Careful antemortem examination and interpretation of findings, assisted by good clinical records, do much to throw light on the nature of vertical fissure in cattle. During an eight month period of investigation, 13 (3.2%) lame cows with vertical fissure out of 52 Holstein cows with different claw fissures ...
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Careful antemortem examination and interpretation of findings, assisted by good clinical records, do much to throw light on the nature of vertical fissure in cattle. During an eight month period of investigation, 13 (3.2%) lame cows with vertical fissure out of 52 Holstein cows with different claw fissures were selected for clinical and gross pathological purposes in a commercial dairy farm with 400 milking cows in Nazarabad, Iran. The cows were 2.5 to10.5 years old. The prevalence rate of vertical fissure was 3.2 per cent. The prevalence rate of claw lesion in the hind limb (69.2%) was higher than that of fore limb (30.7%). The type of vertical fissures were 4 (38.4%), 5 (23.0%), 2 (23.0%) and 3 (15.3%), respectively. Locomotion scoring assessment of 13 culled lame cows showed score ranged from grade 3 (30.7%) to 4 (61.5%). The herd had endemic digital dermatitis infection with prevalence in the adult herd of over 34.2%. The affected claws were more boxy than normal and the abaxial wall was convex in all directions. The lame cows had typical stance such as hobbyhorse or cross legged stance. This study shows that more research is needed both on the economic impact of vertical fissures in dairy cows and on the microbiological study of spirochaetes of the genus Treponema. This study recommends that owners of dairy farm should try to control digital dermatitis with preventative herd strategies.
Mohammad Sabaghan; Mahdi Pourmahdi Borujeni; Masoud Reza Seifi Abad Shapouri; Aria Rasooli; Milad Norouzi; Sayeh Samimi; Siavash Mansouri
Volume 5, Issue 4 , December 2014, , Pages 325-328
Abstract
Bluetongue (BT) is a viral disease of ruminants transmitted by Culicoides biting midges and has the ability to spread rapidly over large distances. The disease occurs almost worldwide between latitudes approximately 35˚ S and 50˚ N. Among the numerous diseases of ruminants, BT has gained considerable ...
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Bluetongue (BT) is a viral disease of ruminants transmitted by Culicoides biting midges and has the ability to spread rapidly over large distances. The disease occurs almost worldwide between latitudes approximately 35˚ S and 50˚ N. Among the numerous diseases of ruminants, BT has gained considerable importance in recent years as one of the best examples of the effects of climate change on disease spread. Sheep are major livestock species in Iran, but studies of BT have not gained the priority compared to other diseases. Thus, the objective of this study was to describe the distribution and seroprevalence of bluetongue virus (BTV) infections in sheep in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province of Iran, and to identify factors associated with the exposure of these sheep to BTV infection. Sera from 262 apparently healthy sheep were collected during the year 2011. The collected sera of the animals were screened with competitive enzyme like immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). Two hundred and three (77.48%) out of 262 sera tested were positive to BTV antibodies. Statistically significant differences were found in the seroprevalence BT, between sex and age of sheep (p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in BTV seroprevalence among different seasons, nor among recently aborted and normally delivered.
Microbiology
Masoud Haghkhah; Abdollah Derakhshandeh; Reza Jamshidi; Asghar Moghiseh; Negar Karimaghaei; Mohammad Ayaseh; Mohsen Mostafaei
Volume 6, Issue 4 , December 2015, , Pages 337-341
Abstract
Paratuberculosis (John’s disease) is infectious and chronically progressive granulomatous disease which affects domestic and wild ruminants. The causative agent is Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP), a slow growing mycobactin dependent acid-fast bacillus. We investigated the detection and ...
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Paratuberculosis (John’s disease) is infectious and chronically progressive granulomatous disease which affects domestic and wild ruminants. The causative agent is Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP), a slow growing mycobactin dependent acid-fast bacillus. We investigated the detection and frequency of MAP in apparently healthy dromedary and Bactrian camels by insertion sequence 900 (IS900) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and acid fast staining of fecal samples in Iran. Acid fast staining results showed that 6/50 (12.0%) samples of dromedary camels and 4/26 (15.3%) samples of Bactrian camels were suspected to MAP. Although the percentage of positivity for PCR assay of fecal dromedary camel was 8.0%, no bands corresponding to MAP detect in all samples of Bactrian camels. In conclusion, Although the incidence of MAP infection was low, further studies should be conducted to get more information on MAP infection in camel population, especially in areas where camels are close to other ruminants such as dairy cow, sheep and goat.
Samira Shahraki; Maryam Moghaddam Matin; Alireza Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan; Mohammad Aslzare; Ahmad Reza Bahrami; Sara Hoseinian; Sonia Iranpour; Zahra Samadi Noshahr; Abolfazl Khajavi Rad
Volume 12, Issue 3 , September 2021, , Pages 339-348
Abstract
The aim of this study was to acquire an effective method for preparation of rat decellularized kidney scaffolds capable of supporting proliferation and differentiation of human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) into kidney cells. We compared two detergents, the sodium dodecyl sulfate ...
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The aim of this study was to acquire an effective method for preparation of rat decellularized kidney scaffolds capable of supporting proliferation and differentiation of human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) into kidney cells. We compared two detergents, the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and triton X-100 for decellularization. The efficiency of these methods was assessed by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), 4', 6 diamidino-2-phenylindole and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. In the next step, AD-MSCs were seeded into the SDS-treated scaffolds and assessed after three weeks of culture. Proliferation and differentiation of AD-MSCs into kidney-specific cell types were then analyzed by H&E and IHC staining. The histological examinations revealed that SDS was more efficient in removing kidney cells at all-time points compared to triton X-100. Also, in the SDS-treated sections the native extracellular matrix was more preserved than the triton-treated samples. Laminin was completely preserved during decellularization procedure using SDS. Cell attachment in the renal scaffold was observed after recellularization. Furthermore, differentiation of AD-MSCs into epithelial and endothelial cells was confirmed by expression of Na-K ATPase and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) in seeded rat renal scaffolds, respectively. Our findings illustrated that SDS was more effective for decellularization of rat kidney compared to triton X-100. We presented an optimized method for decellularization and recellularization of rat kidneys to create functional renal natural scaffolds. These natural scaffolds supported the growth of AD-MSCs and could also induce differentiation of these cells into epithelial and endothelial cells.
Clinical Pathology
Behrokh Marzban Abbasabadi; Mina Tadjalli
Volume 7, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 347-351
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of soy milk on serum 17- β estradiol level and number of neurons in cerebral cortex and hippocampus as well as determination of the ratio of neurons in cortical and hippocampal regions in neonatal ovariectomized rats. Thirty female rats (one day old) ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of soy milk on serum 17- β estradiol level and number of neurons in cerebral cortex and hippocampus as well as determination of the ratio of neurons in cortical and hippocampal regions in neonatal ovariectomized rats. Thirty female rats (one day old) were divided into six groups of five. At day 7, ovariectomy surgery was performed in four groups and two other groups were assumed as sham and control groups. Three groups of ovareictomaized rats were fed with soy milk at the doses of 0.75, 1.50 and 3.00 mL kg-1 per day since they were 14. At day 60, the blood samples were collected to measure the17- β estradiol concentration, and then the brain of rats were prepared for histological studies. The serum 17- β estradiol level significantly increased in ovariectomized rats fed with soy milk compared to ovariectomized rats with no soy milk supplementation. In addition, the results showed that soy milk significantly increased the number of neurons in CA1, CA2 and dentate gyrus regions of hippocampus and granular layer of cerebral cortex in ovariectomized rats, whereas there was no significant change in number of neurons in CA3 zone of hippocampus and molecular, pyramidal and multiform layers of cerebral cortex in ovariectomized rats fed with soy milk. The ratio of cerebral cortex neurons to hippocampal neurons had no significant changes among the experimental groups.
Parasitology
Noushin Derakhshandeh; Hassan Sharifiyazdi; Mohammad Abbaszadeh Hasiri
Volume 8, Issue 4 , December 2017, , Pages 347-351
Abstract
Ehrlichiosis is a zoonotic disease which has been reported from some regions of Iran. This study was aimed to determine the presence and prevalence of ehrlichiosis in suspected dogs referred to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran using polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Blood ...
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Ehrlichiosis is a zoonotic disease which has been reported from some regions of Iran. This study was aimed to determine the presence and prevalence of ehrlichiosis in suspected dogs referred to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran using polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Blood samples were collected from 98 suspected dogs with at least one of the five following findings: thrombocytopenia, anemia (hematocrit < 37.00%), gastrointestinal signs and respiratory and/or central nervous system diseases. Complete blood count was performed for each sample. After genomic DNA extraction, PCR assay was carried out using a commercial PCR kit. The results showed that only three out of 98 samples (3.06%) were positive for ehrlichiosis. There was no significant difference in hematological parameters between infected and non-infected cases. These results emphasize that ehrlichiosis has a low prevalence among examined cases in southern Iran. Further serological and molecular studies are needed to clarify the epidemiological feature of this infection in different areas of Iran.
Food Hygiene
Arezo Moghtaderi; Ahmadreza Raji; Saeid Khanzadi; Abolghasem Nabipour
Volume 10, Issue 4 , December 2019, , Pages 357-360
Abstract
Nowadays, the consumption of meat and meat products has been increased with modern manufacturing techniques. Due to the economic value, the likelihood of using unauthorized tissue is possible in meat products. The aim of this study was to apply morphological methods for detection of unauthorized tissues ...
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Nowadays, the consumption of meat and meat products has been increased with modern manufacturing techniques. Due to the economic value, the likelihood of using unauthorized tissue is possible in meat products. The aim of this study was to apply morphological methods for detection of unauthorized tissues in meat sausage. In this study, a total number of 20 samples of different types of sausages were randomly collected from markets, in north-east of Iran. Each sample was divided into three equal parts and three paraffin-embedded blocks were prepared from each part (180 blocks). Then the sections were stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin, Masson’s trichrome, Periodic acid- Schiff/Alcian blue and Verhoeffe/Van Gieson. A total number of 720 slides were observed using a light microscope. This research showed the use of unauthorized tissues in the sausages which was detected by histological methods. We observed authorized tissues like skeletal muscle fiber (100%), fat tissue (100%) and plant material (97.70%). A wide range of unauthorized tissues were detected including dense connective tissue (6.66%), cartilage (28.30%), bone (8.30%), skin (51.60%), smooth muscle (1.66%) and blood vessels (11.66%). The results of this study confirmed the use of unauthorized tissue in meat sausages in Iran and concluded that the histological methods especially Masson’s trichrome staining are a practical technique for routine assessment of authenticity and quality of sausage to protect the consumers from adulteration.
Parasitology
Eshrat Beigom Kia; Mitra Sharbatkhori; Zahra Heidari; Farideh Tohidi; Bahareh Kamran Rashani; Farzaneh Zahabiun
Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2018, , Pages 367-371
Abstract
A polycephalic larva of Taeniidae family isolated from abdominal cavity of a great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus) from Golestan province, northern Iran, was subjected to molecular analysis. Genomic DNA from the larva was obtained using a DNA extraction tissue kit. Polymerase chain reaction was performed for ...
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A polycephalic larva of Taeniidae family isolated from abdominal cavity of a great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus) from Golestan province, northern Iran, was subjected to molecular analysis. Genomic DNA from the larva was obtained using a DNA extraction tissue kit. Polymerase chain reaction was performed for amplification of the partial 12S rRNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase 1 (nad1) mitochondrial genes. BLAST analysis of DNA sequencing indicated 99.00% homology in 12S rRNA and cox1 genes and 98.00% homology in nad1 gene with Hydatigera krepkogorski (accession No. AB731762). The sequences of current isolate were deposited in GenBank by accession Nos. MF281971, MF281972 and MF281973 for 12 SrRNA, cox1 and nad1 genes, respectively. This study was the first report of molecular characterization of H. krepkogorski from Iran. Isolation and characterization of the adult stage from definitive host will help to better clarify incomplete life cycle and morphology data of this species in the world.
Fatemeh Mirhaj; Homa Baghaei; Bahareh Emadzadeh; Ashkan Jebelli Javan
Volume 13, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 537-544
Abstract
Due to the increasing demand for natural foods with fewer artificial additives, broccoli is considered by the consumers and researchers due to its taste, nutritional values and biochemical components. Therefore, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of broccoli juice and balsamic vinegar ...
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Due to the increasing demand for natural foods with fewer artificial additives, broccoli is considered by the consumers and researchers due to its taste, nutritional values and biochemical components. Therefore, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of broccoli juice and balsamic vinegar on the physicochemical and textural attributes of the beefsteak aimed at tenderizing it and decreasing the ageing period. Experiments were carried out through marinating the beefsteak with three different treatments containing 3.00 units protease g-1 beefsteak of broccoli juice and 10.00% (v/w) of balsamic vinegar during 48 hr storage at 4.00˚C. A significant reduction in pH and Warner-Bratzler shear force as well as the increase in myofibrillar fragmentation index and myofibrillar protein solubility were obtained showing that the beefsteak was tendered in the presence of broccoli juice and broccoli juice+balsamic vinegar. v_
Yazdan Mazaheri; Jamal Nourinezhad; Reza Ranjbar; Mahmood Khaksary Mahabady; Ali Reza Ghadiri; Hamid Lombeshkon
Volume 5, Issue 1 , March 2014, , Pages 73-76
Abstract
Sheep conjoined twins have been reported less than cow. An apparently female conjoined twin lambs was examined based on external and internal features. In radiology, two vertebral columns and two pairs of the ribs were seen. Only two heads and two necks were separated (thoraco-omphalopygopagus). There ...
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Sheep conjoined twins have been reported less than cow. An apparently female conjoined twin lambs was examined based on external and internal features. In radiology, two vertebral columns and two pairs of the ribs were seen. Only two heads and two necks were separated (thoraco-omphalopygopagus). There were three forelimbs (tribrachius), one of which grew on dorsal region as a notomelus. Teat buds of the monsters differed in number. Only one lamb had umbilicus, including one umbilical vein, and two umbilical arteries locating besides one urinary bladder. This lamb had also one uterus. Two-separated alimentary tracts were observed in a common abdomen. Common thorax and abdominal cavities were separated by a diaphragm. There were two esophageal hiatuses, and two caval foramina but only one aortic hiatus. Two pairs of lungs and two unequal and connected hearts in a common pericardium were observed. Abnormality of the circulatory system might have caused the death of the twins.
Small Animal Surgery
Zahra Nikousefat; Mohammad Hashemnia; Moosa Javdani
Volume 7, Issue 1 , March 2016, , Pages 79-83
Abstract
In the present study, we described cyto-histopathological features and immunophenotyping of the large B-cell lymphoma in an 8-year-old mixed breed dog with applying the World Health Organization (WHO) system of classification of canine lymphomas. In fine-needle aspiration (FNA), lymph nodes were involved ...
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In the present study, we described cyto-histopathological features and immunophenotyping of the large B-cell lymphoma in an 8-year-old mixed breed dog with applying the World Health Organization (WHO) system of classification of canine lymphomas. In fine-needle aspiration (FNA), lymph nodes were involved by neoplastic cells of intermediate to large size with deep blue cytoplasm; consist of centroblasts, immunoblast and medium-sized cells. Histopathologically, the follicles and sinuses of lymph nodes were replaced by sheets of numerous immunoblasts (less than 90.0% of total cells) and centroblasts. Numerous mitotic figures were also observed. Immunohistochemical analysis presented that the neoplastic cells express B-cell phenotype CD20 and CD79a, but do not stain for T phenotype CD3. On the basis of cytology, histopathology and immunohistochemical findings, the present tumor was diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, high-grade centroblastic type (DLBCL-CB) according to WHO histological classification. Applying this classification system for diagnosis of canine lymphomas is very useful and has a high accuracy and consistency. However, further co-operative studies between clinicians and pathologists should be performed, in order to improve the effectiveness of this classification.
Pathology
Ghasem Farjanikish; Ahmad Oryan
Volume 8, Issue 1 , March 2017, , Pages 81-84
Abstract
Leydig cell tumor as a sex-cord stromal tumor is a relatively uncommon ovarian tumorin bitch. A 10-year-old female German Shepherd dog was presented because of protrusion of a large tumor-like mass of 16 × 14 × 7 cm in dimensions from her vagina. After stabilization of the patient, the mass ...
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Leydig cell tumor as a sex-cord stromal tumor is a relatively uncommon ovarian tumorin bitch. A 10-year-old female German Shepherd dog was presented because of protrusion of a large tumor-like mass of 16 × 14 × 7 cm in dimensions from her vagina. After stabilization of the patient, the mass was removed surgically and concurrent ovariohysterectomy was also performed. Macroscopically, the healthy tissue of the right ovary was totally replaced by a homogeneous, brown and firm mass. The neoplasm was well-circumscribed and nodular and it was clearly demarcated from the healthy tissue. Histological examination revealed the presence of solid sheets and acinar structures composed of polyhedral to elongated cells. The neoplastic cells had large, eosinophilic, and vacuolated cytoplasms with round to oval nuclei and expressed vimentin on immunohistochemical examination. These gross, microscopic and immuno-histochemical features are characteristics of ovarian Leydig cell tumor.
Marzie Babazadeh; Hassan Sharifiyazdi; Mohammad Moazeni; Sedigheh Gorjipour; Mahdi Heidari
Volume 6, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 83-87
Abstract
In this study, molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sample obtained from water buffalo originating from southwest of Iran was performed using comparative sequence analysis of cox1 mitochondrial gene. DNA was extracted from protoscoleces removed from hydatid cyst from the liver of a 2-year-old ...
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In this study, molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sample obtained from water buffalo originating from southwest of Iran was performed using comparative sequence analysis of cox1 mitochondrial gene. DNA was extracted from protoscoleces removed from hydatid cyst from the liver of a 2-year-old male buffalo slaughtered in Khuzestan province. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses were conducted based on cox1 mitochondrial gene. We found the presence of a new microvariant of G3 genotype for E. granulosus in Iran which isgenetically differentiated from reference G3 sequence (M84663).The difference was a transition mutation of adenine to guanine in position 214 (A214G) resulting in a substitution of the threonine (ACT) by alanine (GCT). These findings extend the knowledge of heterogeneity and distribution of G3 genotype for E. granulosus in world.
Parasitology
Mohammad Reza Mokhber Dezfouli; Javad Abbasi; Mohammad Nouri; Hannaneh Golshahi; Masoomeh Heidari Sureshjani
Volume 10, Issue 1 , March 2019, , Pages 85-88
Abstract
Coenurus cerebralis is the larval stage of Taenia multiceps inhabiting the small intestine of dogs and wild carnivores as the definitive hosts. A two-year-old wild female goat (Capra aegagrus) was referred with signs of lateral recumbency and seizure for four days and loss of appetite. In clinical examination, ...
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Coenurus cerebralis is the larval stage of Taenia multiceps inhabiting the small intestine of dogs and wild carnivores as the definitive hosts. A two-year-old wild female goat (Capra aegagrus) was referred with signs of lateral recumbency and seizure for four days and loss of appetite. In clinical examination, paddling, convulsion, and unconsciousness were observed indicating central nervous system disorder. Biochemical analyses showed increased levels of hematocrit, creatinine phosphorous, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen and calcium. No bacteria has been grown on culture medium taken from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The amount of total protein of the CSF was 1.10 g dL-1 (normal range = 20 - 40 mg dL-1). Hematological changes represented a left shift degenerative leukocytosis. At necropsy, two cysts sized over the 3 × 3 cm were detected, one on occipital lobe of the right hemisphere and the other on superior colliculi. The cysts contained a translucent fluid with a number of clusters of scolice growing from the inner layer of the cysts.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of coenurosis occurrence in Capra aegagrus.
Embryology
Farkhondeh Pooyanfar; Tahereh Foroutan; Mojtaba Dashtizad
Volume 9, Issue 1 , March 2018, , Pages 87-92
Abstract
Although the rate of blastocysts implantation of embryos is higher than previous stages but their survival rate is lower than them, which could be attributed to the completely filled blastocoel cavity with liquid and increased possibility of the formation of ice crystals. This liquid could prevent the ...
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Although the rate of blastocysts implantation of embryos is higher than previous stages but their survival rate is lower than them, which could be attributed to the completely filled blastocoel cavity with liquid and increased possibility of the formation of ice crystals. This liquid could prevent the penetration of cryoprotecting materials into the embryos. In this study, we reduced the volume of blastocoel before vitrification and compared survival rate and quality of in vitro embryos through klf4 gene expression with control group. In vitro mouse blastocysts were divided into three groups. In group 1, the blastocoel volume of blastocysts were reduced before vitrification and warming. In group 2, blastocysts were just vitrified and warmed and the blastocysts of group 3 (control group) were not undergone any specific treatment and were not vitrified. The expression ofklf4 gene was assessed using real-time PCR technique. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan’s post hoc tests. Our results showed that blastocoel volume reduction before vitrification significantly increased the hatching rate of the blastocysts from the zona pellucida and klf4 gene expression compared to vitrified group. Blastocoel volume reduction before vitrification could be used as an efficient method for improving the rate of in vitro fertilization.
Asghar Mogheiseh; Abdollah Derakhshandeh; Sara Heidarifar; Esmaeil Bandariyan
Volume 11, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 89-92
Abstract
The microbial population of the uterus fluctuates during the estrous cycle. Microflora of uterus may affect the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in bitches. The endoscopic samples obtained from the vagina and uterus of 20 female adult mixed‑breed dogs. The uterine lavage samples were prepared ...
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The microbial population of the uterus fluctuates during the estrous cycle. Microflora of uterus may affect the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in bitches. The endoscopic samples obtained from the vagina and uterus of 20 female adult mixed‑breed dogs. The uterine lavage samples were prepared for cytology, bacterial (aerobic and anaerobic) and fungal cultures. Uterine tissue samples were evaluated for the presence of E. coli by the polymerase chain reaction. The pure growth of bacteria was observed in seven plates out of the nineteen cultured samples (36.84%) and five Gram-negative and two Gram-positive bacteria were detected. The highest number of isolated bacteria was related to the samples of the diestrus and anestrus stages of the estrous cycle, while the lowest number of bacteria was observed in the samples of the estrous stage. Moreover, Citrobacter spp. was the most frequent group of isolated bacteria. The neutrophils were detected in the cytology of uterine samples. The fungi growth was observed in three uterine samples. Cladosporium and Penicillium isolated from the samples were related to the estrus stage, and yeast was grown in diestrus samples. 16srRNA gene existed in all of the estrous uterine samples in which the bacterial culture was negative. However, the presence of this gene was proven in two samples (33.30%) of negative bacterial culture samples from the diestrus and anestrus stages. In conclusion, the normal bitches’ uteri were infected with various bacteria in estrus, diestrus and anestrus stages of the estrous cycle, and it could coincide with the fungi infection.
Farnaz Malekifard; Mosa Tavassoli; Mohammad Alimoradi
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2021, , Pages 95-100
Abstract
Trichomonas gallinae is a parasite that acts as a canker-causing agent and leads to significant loss and mortality, especially in young birds. Metronidazole is the approved drug used for the treatment of trichomoniasis. A non-chemical alternativess such as medical plant extracts are also used to treat ...
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Trichomonas gallinae is a parasite that acts as a canker-causing agent and leads to significant loss and mortality, especially in young birds. Metronidazole is the approved drug used for the treatment of trichomoniasis. A non-chemical alternativess such as medical plant extracts are also used to treat this disease due to drug resistance. This study aimed to assess in vitro antitrichomonal effects of Lavandula angustifolia and Zingiber officinale extracts on T. gallinae compared with metronidazole. The T. gallinae samples were obtained from infected pigeons. Multi-well plates filled with different concentrations (5.00, 10.00, 25.00, 50.00, and 100 μg mL-1) were used to perform in vitro analysis. The Z. officinaleextract’s minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in the 24-hr period was 25.00 μg mL-1, while it was 50.00 μg mL-1 for metronidazole. The MIC value obtained for L. angustifolia extract in 24-hr was 50.00 μg mL-1. The results indicated that the extracts of Z. officinaleand L. angustifolia could act as potential natural agents against trichomoniasis. Furthermore, this study delineated the equal efficiency of L. angustifolia and Z. officinale with that of metronidazole in inhibiting the growth of Trichomonas gallinae trophozoites in culture media.
Reza Kheirandish; Mehdi Saberi; Dariush Vosough; Nasrin Askari
Volume 5, Issue 2 , June 2014, , Pages 153-155
Abstract
A one-month-old male terrier dog was referred in shock status with a history of anorexia, tachypnea, abdominal distention and progressive weight loss. Auscultation of right side of the lungs found enhanced respiratory noises. The thorough auscultation of the opposite side of the chest revealed the presence ...
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A one-month-old male terrier dog was referred in shock status with a history of anorexia, tachypnea, abdominal distention and progressive weight loss. Auscultation of right side of the lungs found enhanced respiratory noises. The thorough auscultation of the opposite side of the chest revealed the presence of typical intestinal sounds. Cardiac auscultation revealed muffled heart sounds and a diminished palpable precordial cardiac impulse was evident. The radiograph showed the presence of gas within the bowel in abrupt contrast to the adjacent structures of soft tissue opacity. Conservative treatment was failed and the animal died. At necropsy, cranial displacement of abdominal viscera into the pericardial sac was seen. A definitive diagnosis of peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia was made. Although congenital pericardial diseases are rare in dogs, awareness of the clinical manifestation of these kinds of defects combined with early use of available imaging modalities can yield a preoperative diagnosis.
