Epidemiology
Hadi Keshipour; Alireza Bahonar; Mehdi Vojgani; Ehsan Anassori
Volume 15, Issue 3 , March 2024, , Pages 139-144
Abstract
The interval between parturition and subsequent pregnancy is called the days open or calving to conception interval and is affected by several factors, especially dystocia. Dystocia is an ab-normal or difficult calving that may require assistance during labor. This study is a field trial in health education ...
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The interval between parturition and subsequent pregnancy is called the days open or calving to conception interval and is affected by several factors, especially dystocia. Dystocia is an ab-normal or difficult calving that may require assistance during labor. This study is a field trial in health education and the research team developed a comprehensive training program for farmers to educate them about the normal process of parturition in dairy cows and when and how to assist in parturition or dystocia. A series of classes was held for farmers and the study covered 486 multi-parous dairy cows, with 173 belonging to the group of trained farms (educated farmers) and 313 to the control group (non-educated farmers). Although dystocia was lower in the educated group, there were no significant differences in retained placenta between two groups. However, cows in the educated group had a better conception rate (lower service per conception) in sub-sequent parturitions. Hence, the median number of days open for cows from trained farmers was significantly lower than other farmers (85 days compared to 120 days, respectively). Based on Cox regression analysis, uterine prolapse, retained placenta, and dystocia could significantly impact subsequent pregnancies. Dystocia affects days open, and training on parturition and dystocia management can effectively reduce the numbers of days open in dairy cows.
Mohammad Sadegh Ashtari; Abbas Veshkini; Majid Masoudifard; Hassan Gilanpour; Alireza Bahonar
Volume 12, Issue 4 , December 2021, , Pages 493-496
Abstract
Evaluation of pelvic diaphragm muscles in dogs merits clinical attention because of the anatomical importance and their involvement in perineal hernia. This study aimed to evaluate the normal pelvic diaphragm muscles (levator ani and coccygeus muscles) using the computed tomography (CT) scan. For this ...
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Evaluation of pelvic diaphragm muscles in dogs merits clinical attention because of the anatomical importance and their involvement in perineal hernia. This study aimed to evaluate the normal pelvic diaphragm muscles (levator ani and coccygeus muscles) using the computed tomography (CT) scan. For this purpose, 10 male and 10 female clinically normal, adult intact mixed-breed dogs weighing 15.00 to 20.00 kg were selected randomly. All animals underwent CT examination under general anesthesia and positioned in sternal recumbency. All the CT images were taken and reconstructed with a same protocol. The measurements of the pelvic diaphragm muscles were performed based on the presented guideline to the observer. The results were presented descriptively. The mean lengths of the coccygeus muscle in CT images were evaluated 4.60 cm for males and 4.30 cm for females. The mean lengths of levator ani muscle in CT images were measured 4.90 cm in males and 4.50 cm in females. In conclusion, the results of the present study can be beneficial to clinicians and researchers for further evaluation of the supporting muscles in pelvic cavity and underlying anatomical changes in perineal hernia in dogs.
Majid Masoudifard; Amir Rostami; Masoumeh Shahmohamadi Nodolaghi; Mohammad Reza Esmaili Nejad; Alireza Bahonar
Volume 12, Issue 3 , September 2021, , Pages 357-360
Abstract
Cardiac problems are highly fetal diseases among exotic animals, not only in the rabbit which is prone to such diseases but also in the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). In rodents, imaging studies such as thoracic radiography are more practical and easier to perform than echocardiography. Cardiac size is ...
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Cardiac problems are highly fetal diseases among exotic animals, not only in the rabbit which is prone to such diseases but also in the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). In rodents, imaging studies such as thoracic radiography are more practical and easier to perform than echocardiography. Cardiac size is primarily evaluated using vertebral heart size (VHS) as reported in ferrets and rabbits. We therefore attempted to determine standard cardiac dimensions in the guinea pig by thoracic radiography using VHS. The purpose of this research was getting an indicator of the normal range of male and female, mature and apparently healthy guinea pigs heart. Standard radiographs of the thorax in lateral and ventro-dorsal (VD) views were taken and interpreted. In our study to determine VHS in VD view conventional method was used. In addition to conventional VHS method, two other measurement methods were performed in lateral view. Statistical analyses were performed with a SPSS Software and Mann-Whitney U test to compare results. Mean and standard deviation were also calculated. According to the results, the total average of VHS in lateral view by the first method was 7.80 ± 0.12, by the second method was 7.80 ± 0.16, by the third method was 7.60 ± 0.15 and the total of average of VHS in VD view was 9.20 ± 0.23. According to present research findings, gender had no meaningful effect on the measuring of the heart size. More researches on the same age and the same species guinea pigs are needed for more accurate evaluation.
Jamal Gharekhani; Hamidreza Haddadzadeh; Alireza Bahonar
Volume 5, Issue 2 , June 2014, , Pages 149-152
Abstract
Bovine neosporosis caused by the apicomplexan protozoan parasite N. caninum, was initially recognized in 1989 and is now reported as a leading infectious cause of reproductive failure in dairy cattle in world wide. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of N. caninum infection in industrial ...
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Bovine neosporosis caused by the apicomplexan protozoan parasite N. caninum, was initially recognized in 1989 and is now reported as a leading infectious cause of reproductive failure in dairy cattle in world wide. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of N. caninum infection in industrial dairy cattle of Hamedan province (west of Iran) by ELISA method. Blood samples were collected from 492 cattle in 41 farms. Antibodies to N. caninum were found in 63(12.80%) sera. A Significant difference was observed between seropositive cattle and dog presence in farm, dog contact with herd, abortion history and herd population. No significant differences were found between seropositive cattle and age as well as breed. This study is the first report of N. caninum infection in dairy cattle farms in Hamedan province. As per our knowledge, Neospora is an important factor in abortion of cattle in this region. Therefore, comprehensive studies for control strategies and improving management of dairy farms is necessary.